Bible 10 – 2nd Semester Final Exam Study Guide Answers

Hermeneutics: the study/art of interpreting the Bible correctly.
3 basic sources of meaning:
- Author
- Reader
- Text
Which was prioritized in class?
The author’s intended meaning, because the goal is to understand what the biblical author meant originally.
Context: the surrounding background of a passage (historical, cultural, literary, etc.). It is important because verses can be misunderstood if taken out of context.
5 gaps that make interpretation difficult:
- Time gap
- Culture gap
- Language gap
- Geography gap
- Covenant/situation gap

Diagram relationship: Truth leads to transformation/change.
3 steps of transformation:
1. Know the truth
2. Believe/accept the truth
3. Live/apply the truth

Worldview: the overall way a person sees and understands life and reality.
Most popular worldview today: relativism/postmodernism (truth depends on the person).
According to Christianity, truth ultimately comes from: God.

God-centered worldview about history: God is sovereign and working through history according to His plan.
Examples of O.T. historical narrative books:
Genesis, Exodus, Joshua, Judges, 1 & 2 Samuel, 1 & 2 Kings.

How O.T. Law applies today:
Christians are not under Old Testament ceremonial/civil law the same way Israel was, but the moral principles still teach God’s character and guide Christian living. Jesus fulfills the Law.

Prophetic writings are less about: predicting the future
and more about: calling people back to faithfulness to God.
What prophets did regarding the covenant: reminded Israel of God’s covenant and warned them when they broke it.
Basic message of prophets: repent and return to God or face judgment; also hope/restoration.
How many forms of prophecy studied?
Two: forth-telling and foretelling.
Original languages of the Bible:
- O.T. = mostly Hebrew (some Aramaic)
- N.T. = Greek

Lessons 9–13

Who wrote most Psalms?
King David
What is a lament?
A prayer/song expressing sorrow, grief, or complaint to God.
Divine wisdom:
Living according to God’s truth and fearing the Lord.
Human/worldly wisdom is based on:
Human thinking and worldly ideas apart from God.
Wisdom book about trusting God in suffering:
Job
Wisdom book celebrating marital love:
Song of Solomon/Song of Songs
Wisdom book questioning life’s meaning:
Ecclesiastes
Wisdom book with Solomon and Lemuel:
Proverbs
Who are the four gospels about?
Jesus Christ, the Son of God and Messiah.
Which gospel especially targeted a Jewish audience?
Matthew
Acts tells earliest history of what group?
The early Christian Church/believers.
Who came at Pentecost?
The Holy Spirit
What is an epistle?
A letter.
Former Pharisee who wrote most epistles:
Paul the Apostle
Why were epistles read aloud?
Many people could not read, and churches learned together publicly.

“More than a carpenter” meaning:
Jesus was not just a man/carpenter; He is the Son of God and Savior.
Josh McDowell’s background/conversion:
He was skeptical/non-Christian and became convinced through studying evidence for Christianity.
Verses teaching Jesus is God:
John 1:1, John 10:30, John 14:9, Colossians 2:9.
Why not liar, lunatic, or legend?
Jesus’ claims, character, miracles, resurrection evidence, and eyewitness testimony point to Him truly being Lord.
When did belief in Christ’s Lordship begin?
From the earliest Christians, based on Jesus’ life, death, and resurrection.
Why belief in God is reasonable:
Evidence from creation, order, morality, and existence itself.
Cosmological argument:
Everything that begins to exist has a cause; therefore the universe has a Creator.
Teleological argument:
Design/order in the universe points to an intelligent Designer.
Manuscript evidence for Scripture:
Yes, there are many ancient manuscripts, and copies are relatively close in time to the originals.
Why trust gospel writers?
Eyewitness testimony, historical reliability, willingness to suffer for their message, and consistency.
Evidence for the resurrection:
Empty tomb, eyewitnesses, transformed disciples, growth of Christianity.
Why Jesus is the only Savior/how to be born again:
Salvation comes through faith in Jesus Christ; a person is born again by trusting in Him and receiving new spiritual life.