Exam Tips Questions + look back at to study topics

FROM ANA’S QUIZLET:

What passes through the optic canal?

CNV2 passes through the inferior orbital fissure



Do you know what is happening to the valves during systole and diastole?

Diastole the AV valves are open and relaxed, allowing for flowing of blood. this is between the dub and second lub. Systole the AV valves are closed and causing tension. The semilunar are opposite.

Do you know the muscles of mastication and their actions?

Temporalis: Closing jaw/elevation
Masseter: closing jaw/elevation + retraction
Medial Pterygoid: closing jaw/elevation + protrusion

  • contralateral

Lateral Pterygoid: opening jaw/depression + protrusion

  • medial and lateral also do side to side grinding motion

Do you know the borders of the anterior and posterior triangles and the struxcturea found in them?

Anterior: SCM, Mandible, medial boarder

Posterior: SCM, trapezius, clavicle

  • contains the subclavian artery and veins, and the brachial plexus.

Can you identify the salivatory glands and their main function?

  • parotid

  • submandibular

  • sublingual

  • main functions to moisturize food and mouth and form saliva, helps start digest, form a bolus.

    Salivary gland - Wikipedia

Do you know the lacrimal apparatus and its main function?

  • tear production

  • lacrimal gland - duct - canal - lake - lacrimal sac - nasolacrimal sac

Do you know the conducting system of the heart: know the path?

  • SA Node - AV Node - Bundle of HIS - Bundle Branches down both sides - perkinje fibers

Do you know the joints of the back and can you identify them?


Do you know the dermatomes on the anterior UE?

Know muscles of neck: Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius (ID)?

Posterior Triangle of the Neck - Subdivisions - TeachMeAnatomy

Do you know the spinal nerve and how it branches off?

  • spinal nerve branches into two branches: the posterior and aneterior rami

  • posterior supplies joints of the vertebrae, deep muscles of the back and the underlying skin

  • anterior supplies anterior and lateral regions of the trunk and upper extremities and lower etremeties.

  • there are anterior and posterior roots that meet at the intervertebral foramen to create the spinal nerve

  • there are nerve rootlets that come to form nerve roots and they can be motor or sensory.

Do you know the movement of the thorax during forced inspiration and during forced expiration?

  • forced inspiration: elevation

  • forced expiration: depression

Do you know the different stages of swallowing?

  • bolus formed and pushed against the soft palate

  • soft palate moves up to close off the nasopharynx, the suprahyoid muscles elevate the larynx and the epiglottis moves down to seal off the airway. the pharynx opens to receive the bolus

  • there are peristalsis contractions to move the bolus down the esophogus