The Rise of Portugal

  • 1100 ce - 1600s ce
  • Independence, Reconquista and age of exploration
  • First capital = Coimbra until 1260
  • Lisbon is current and 2nd capital
  • All colonies of Portugal were below Portugal geographically
  • Not settler colonialism (British approach)
  • Portugal = first nation to export slaves heavily

 

  • Western Iberia pre Portugal

    • 600s-400s BCE = early migration of Celtic Llusitani people to Iberian peninsula
    • 200s BCE-400sCE : Romans take over and create important infostructure for Iberia (Spain and Portugal)
    • North, south and west kingdoms
    • West or Lusitania becomes Portugal
    • 400s-700sCE: German Visigoth rule over Iberian peninsula
    • 711-1249(Portugal): Islamic rule over western Iberia (Spain and Portugal)

  • Overview of rise of Portugal

    • 800s CE: Portus Cale (Porto) emerged as Christian County controlled by Kingdom of Leon
    • Kingdom of Leon = Kingdom that ruled over various counties
    • 1095 CE: Henry of Burgundy (from France) helps with Reconquista
    • Exchange for bravery and loyalty he is given county of Portugal (making him duke) and king of castile's illegitimate daughter
    • 1128: Son Afonso Henriques inherited country of Portugal and fought Leon for independence and won
    • 1139: Named himself King Alfonso 1 (1139-1185)
    • Portugal's Reconquista <- separate from Spanish Reconquista
    • 1139: Starts with King Alfonso 1
    • 1147: Captured critical port city of Lisbon
      • 1255: Capital shifted from Coimbra to Lisbon
    • 1249: The Algarve (southern Portugal) conquered
      • Last Muslim stronghold
      • These borders haven't changed since

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