WHAP themes

THEME 1: HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT (ENV)

The environment shapes human societies, and as populations grow and

change, these populations in turn shape their environments.

THEME 2: CULTURAL DEVELOPMENTS AND INTERACTIONS (CDI)

The development of ideas, beliefs, and religions illustrates how groups in

society view themselves, and the interactions of societies and their beliefs

often have political, social, and cultural implications.

THEME 3: GOVERNANCE (GOV)

A variety of internal and external factors contribute to state formation,

expansion, and decline. Governments maintain order through a variety of

administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments obtain,

retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes.

THEME 4: ECONOMIC SYSTEMS (ECN)

As societies develop, they affect and are affected by the ways that they

produce, exchange, and consume goods and services.

THEME 5: SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AND ORGANIZATION (SIO)

The process by which societies group their members and the norms that

govern the interactions between these groups and between individuals

influence political, economic, and cultural institutions and organizations.

THEME 6: TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION (TEC)

Human adaptation and innovation have resulted in increased efficiency, comfort,

and security and technological advances have shaped human development

and interactions with both intended and unintended consequences