Globalisation

GLOBALISATION MEANING

  • a term which describes ways in which people and places are becoming more closely linked
  • describes the links between countries and people
  • describes the scale and pace of the growth of trade and communications

Global trade is not new

  • trade - from 1492 when Columbus reached the Americas
  • colonialism - by the end of the 19th century, the British empire directly controlled 1/4 of the world and its people
  • cooperation - since ww1 ended in 1918, international organisations similar to today’s UN have existed

Modern globalisation (post 1940)

  • lengthening of connections   * products being sourced from further away
  • deepening connections   * links with more people and places in all areas of our lives

faster speed of connections with people being about to connect instantly or travel longer distances faster

TNCS

  • architects of globalisation
  • invest abroad and build links between the places that make products and the places that consume the products

Factors that contribute to globalisation

  • TRANSPORT   * lower transport costs internationally e.g., containerisation   * cheaper to move products
  • TECHNOLOGY   * advances in tech allows data to be transferred internationally instantly   * people can communicate in real time internationally immediately
  • INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS   * trade relies on cooperation between different countries e.g., WTO, UN, WB
  • TRADE/NEW MARKETS   * companies operate across national boundaries placing different elements of their business in different countries

Shrinking World

Development in ICT

  • ^^interdependency^^ - if 2 places become over reliant on financial and/or political connections with eachother
  • ^^time-space compression^^ - the set of processes that cause the relative distances between places to contract (come closer)

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  • globalisation has reduced the amount of time to connect with another person (from faster travels to a phone call)

  ^^KEY FACTS^^

  • most internet users in north America and Europe in general
  • as globalisation occurs, as shown by China, poverty reduces
  • low numbers of mobile broadband subscriptions in SE Asia (South in general)
  • most of the population across Europe has a mobile broadband subscription
  • only the richer can afford broadband

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The mobile phone revolution

Around 2014, cellular subscriptions overtake the population in billions as individuals may have multiple devices and thus want a subscription for each.

Mobile phones have now become an integral part of our everyday lives. They are extremely useful leading to society’s dependency on them.

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