Globalisation

GLOBALISATION MEANING

• a term which describes ways in which people and places are becoming more closely linked
• describes the links between countries and people
• describes the scale and pace of the growth of trade and communications

Global trade is not new

• trade - from 1492 when Columbus reached the Americas
• colonialism - by the end of the 19th century, the British empire directly controlled 1/4 of the world and its people
• cooperation - since ww1 ended in 1918, international organisations similar to today’s UN have existed

Modern globalisation (post 1940)

• lengthening of connections
  • products being sourced from further away
• deepening connections
  • links with more people and places in all areas of our lives

faster speed of connections with people being about to connect instantly or travel longer distances faster

TNCS

• architects of globalisation
• invest abroad and build links between the places that make products and the places that consume the products

Factors that contribute to globalisation

• TRANSPORT
  • lower transport costs internationally e.g., containerisation
  • cheaper to move products
• TECHNOLOGY
  • advances in tech allows data to be transferred internationally instantly
  • people can communicate in real time internationally immediately
• INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS
  • trade relies on cooperation between different countries e.g., WTO, UN, WB
• TRADE/NEW MARKETS
  • companies operate across national boundaries placing different elements of their business in different countries

Shrinking World

Development in ICT

• ^^interdependency^^ - if 2 places become over reliant on financial and/or political connections with eachother
• ^^time-space compression^^ - the set of processes that cause the relative distances between places to contract (come closer)

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• globalisation has reduced the amount of time to connect with another person (from faster travels to a phone call)

  ^^KEY FACTS^^

• most internet users in north America and Europe in general

• as globalisation occurs, as shown by China, poverty reduces

• low numbers of mobile broadband subscriptions in SE Asia (South in general)

• most of the population across Europe has a mobile broadband subscription

• only the richer can afford broadband

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The mobile phone revolution

Around 2014, cellular subscriptions overtake the population in billions as individuals may have multiple devices and thus want a subscription for each.

Mobile phones have now become an integral part of our everyday lives. They are extremely useful leading to society’s dependency on them.

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