Art Final

Expressionism Information Page

Similarities between Fauvism & Expressionism: 

  • FAUVISM EXPRESSIONISM

  • 1905-1907 Early 20th Century

  • Influenced by Van Gogh Also Influenced by Van Gogh

  • Bold Color Also Features Bold Color

 

Differences between Fauvism & Expressionism:

  • FAUVISM EXPRESSIONISM

  •  

  • France Germany

  • n/a Distorted Forms

  • n/a Psychological or Emotional Content

  • Why is the Face Blue? What’s the story?

 

Major Expressionist Artists:

 

  •  

  • Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, German, 1880-1938

  • Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian, 1886-1980

  • Egon Schiele, Austrian, 1890-1918

  • Emil Nolde, German, 1867-1956

  • Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, German, 1884-1976

  • Edvard Munch, Norwegian, 1863-1944

Fauvism Information Page

FAUVISM INFORMATION PAGE

FAUVISM:

  • Term coined by French critic Louis Vauxcelles

 

  •  

  • "Les Fauves" -Wild Beasts

  • First of the major 20th century movements

  • Short-lived French Painting movement, lasting from approximately 1905 to 1907

FEATURES OF FAUVISM:

  • Bold Color

  • Clashing Color

  • Arbitrary Color

POST-IMPRESSIONIST INFLUENCES ON THE FAUVES:

  • Paul Cezanne, French painter, 1839-1906, influenced Fauves with his broken color

 

  •  

  • Paul Gauguin, French painter, sculptor, ceramist, printmaker, 1848-1903, influenced Fauves with emotional color

  

  •  

  • Georges Seurat, French painter, 1859-1891, influenced Fauves with his pointillism

  

  •  

  • Vincent Van Gogh, Dutch painter and draughtsman, 1853-1890, influenced Fauves with bold color and vigorous marks

The BIG 3:

Henri Matisse, French painter, sculptor, 1869-1954, leader of the Fauves

Andre Derain, French painter, sculptor, 1880-1954, early leader of the avant-garde in modern art

Maurice de Vlaminck, French painter and writer, 1876-1958, violinist, boxer, bicycle racer who claimed to have invented Fauvism in 1901

OTHER FAUVES:

 

  •  

  • Charles Camoin, French

  • Raoul Dufy, French, 1877-1953

  • Henri Manguin, French

  • Albert Marquet*, French, 1875-1947

  • Georges Rouault*, French, 1871-1958

  • Kees Van Dongen, Dutch, 1877-1968

  • Georges Braque, French, 1882-1963

  • * studied with Matisse in Gustave Moreau’s studio

CRITICS’ RESPONSES:

  • Critics of the time believed that the Fauves were sacrificing Form for Color

ART PRINCIPLES REJECTED BY THE FAUVES:

  • 1. Use of observed (natural) color

  • 2. Use of value to model form

  • 3. Use of value to describe light

  • 4. Old solutions, not old problems

TYPES OF FAUVISM:

  • Mixed-Technique, largely influenced by Seurat and present in Matisse’s early work

  • Flat-Color Zone Method

Futurism, Dada & Surrealism Information Page

Futurism:

 

  1.  

  2. Begins around 1909 in Italy.

  3. Concentrated on the dynamic quality of modern technological life.

  4. Emphasized qualities of speed & movement.

  5. Goal to create a wholly new art form

  6. Main artists: Boccioni & Balla

Dada:

 

  1.  

  2. emerges during WW I in Europe.

  3. Anti-everything, anti-art.

  4. Deliberately shocking, vulgar, non-sensical

  5. Key artists: Duchamp & Man Ray

Surrealism:

 

  1.  

  2. European movement begins c. 1921

  3. Imagery derived from dreams & fantasies

  4. Spontaneous method of rec. images

  5. Key artists: Dali & Magritte

Cubism Information Page

  

Cubism: movement centered in Paris, c. 1907

Big 3: Picasso, Spanish, 1881-1973

Braque, French, 1882-1963

Gris, Spanish, 1887-1927 (synthetic)

Key Elements:

  1.  

  2. Forms are fragmented into planes or geometric facets.

  3. These planes are rearranged to foster a new pictorial (not naturalistic) reality.

  4. Forms may be viewed simultaneously from multiple vantage points.

  5. Figure and background are of equal importance.

  6. Colors are deliberately restricted to a range of neutrals.

Influences

a. Cezanne
b. African Masks

Methods of Cubism:

a. Proto-Cubism leads up to the movement

ex. Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon
ex. Braque’s Cezannesque landscapes



b. Analytic Cubism –

1. takes place prior to 1912
2. very small planes or facets
3. very neutral color
4. very difficult to identify
5. Braque’s & Picasso’s work highly similar



c. Synthetic Cubism –

1. takes place after 1912
2. larger planes 3. greater range of color
4. easier to identify 5. largely pioneered by Gris

Non-objective, Abstract Expressionism, Pop Art Information Page

Non-Objective Art:

  1. 20th Century development in art

  2. Artists represented their feelings, thoughts and ideas through investigation of formal elements of art, such as color, line, form, texture, etc.

  3. Aka Non-Representational Art

  4. Also referred to as "Pure Abstraction"

  5. Largely pioneered by Kandinsky (Russian) and Mondrian (Dutch)

  6. Heavily influenced the American Abstract Expressionists

Abstract Expressionism:

  1. Painting style of late 1940s-1950s

  2. New York

  3. Abstract or non-objective forms

  4. Emotional content

  5. Spontaneous

  6. Bold color & contrast

  7. Large Scale

  8. Aka Action Painting

  9. Key Artists: deKooning, Pollock, Gorky

POP Art:

  1. Art style of the late 1950s-1960s

  2. New York

  3. Derived imagery from popular, mass-produced culture

  4. Overfamiliar objects become visual emblems

  5. Anonymous style of painting

  6. Key artists: Warhol, Lichtenstein, Rauschenberg, Oldenburg