Civics Test 1.1-1.5

Names the 5 Enlightenment principles - limited government, natural rights, popular sovereignty, republicanism, and social contract Put these 3 in order in which they took place: Declaration of Independence, Magna Carta, the two treatises of gov. - magna carta, two treatises of gov,declaration of independence The 3 Charters of Freedom - Declaration of Independence, Constitution, Bill of Rights Does the US have the oldest or youngest constitution? - oldest What was Hobbes point of view? - humans are evil and need to protect themselves What was Locke's point of view? - humans are all good and need laws to better ourselves Who did John Locke inspire? - Thomas Jefferson Who wrote the Virginia Declaration of Rights? - George Mason What are the 3 key points of the declaration of independence? - Preamble, list of grievances, and declaration of war Pure Democracy - democracy in which the power is exercised directly by the people rather than through representatives delegate - a person acting for another autocracy - the authority of rule of an autocrat elector - a person qualified to vote in an election superdelegate - a person who is chosen as a delegate to a political party's presidential nominating convention oligarchy - government by a few democracy - system of government, in which the power of the government is vested in the people, who rule directly or through participatory democracy - emphasizes broad direct participation in politics and civil society, in which most or all citizens participate in politics directly pluralist democracy - Political power rests with competing interest groups so that no one group dominates political decisions elite democracy - a small number of people, usually wealthy and well educated, influence political decision making federalist papers - when the constitution was being argued, group of people wanted unified gov, and the anti fed did not want that federalist #10 - essay by James Madison arguing that a strong representative gov. would be able to control the effects of factions brutus #1 - essay argued against the strong central gov. based on the belief that it would not be able to meet the needs of all the US citizens constitutional - fundamental Federalism - the distribution of power in an organization between a central authority and the constituent ratification - the act or process of ratifying something (such as a treaty or amendment) : formal confirmation or sanction Sovereignty - supreme power especially over body politic dictatorship - A form of government absolute power is concentrated in a dictator or small clique parliament - an assemblage of nobility, clergy, and commons called together by the British sovereign as the supreme legislative body in the uk What was the first constitution? - Articles of Confederation Why did Shay's Rebellion happen? - it was the result of tax problems federalist - an advocate of a federal union between the American Colonies after the Revolution and of the adoption of the US constitution anti- federalist - people who opposed the Constitution What was the constitution? - a series of compromises due process - A judicial requirement that enacted laws may not contain provisions that result in the unfair, arbitrary, or unreasonable treatment of an individual quorum - majority of officers or members of a body that when duly assembled is legally competent to transact business faction - a party or group that is often contentious or self-seeking what was the main argument between the federalists and anti-federalists? - to ratify or not to ratify the constitution What did the federalists and anti-federalists center around? - money and land small landowners were the… - majority wealthy elites were the… - minority Who were the main 3 federalists? - Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay Who were the main 2 anti-federalists? - Patrick Henry and George Mason Who wrote the Federalist Paper #10 and what did it state? - Written by James Madison to convince people to support the ratification of the constitution. Argues for a republic and says that factions and interested groups will always exist. What was Brutus 1? - Argues for a strong central government, and says a large republic will oppress the majority of citizens Bicameral - having or consisting of two legislative chambers unicameral - having or consisting of one legislative chamber compromise - to come to an agreement by mutual concession arsenal - a collection of weapons state - A politically organized body of people usually occupying a definite territory especially one that is sovereign Was the Virginia Plan bicameral or unicameral? - bicameral Was the New Jersey Plan bicameral or unicameral? - unicameral What did Roger Sherman do? - proposed the Great Compromise What did the house of representatives have? proportional or equal representation? - proportional representation What did the Senate have? proportional or equal representation? - equal representation What did the great compromise end? - the debate between large and small states What were the two proposals at the constitutional convention to select a president? - Popular election and congress decides What did article v do? - amended the constitution How were amendments proposed? - Congress with a 2/3 majority vote in both house of representatives and the senate How many amendments were opposed by the constitutional convention? - none Who proposed method 1 of amending the constitution? - Congress Who proposed method 2 of amending the constitution? - a national convention