Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical Properties 

Extensive Properties

• depends on the amount of matter present in a sample.

• mass 

• quantity of matter

• length 

• distance

• weight

• force exerted on the mass by gravitational field

• weight = mass x acceleration due to gravity

• volume

• amount of space matter takes up

Intensive Properties

• do not depend on the amount of matter present in a sample.

• conductivity

• the measure of ease at which an electric charge or heat can pass through a material.

• silver, copper, gold

•  hardness

• the ability of a material to withstand force without deformation, scratching, penetration.

• melting point

• change of a solid to a liquid when heat is applied.

• boiling point

• the process by which a liquid turns into a vapor when it is heated.

• malleability

• quality of something that can be shaped into something also without breaking.

• gold

• ductility

• a metal is ductile when it can be drawn out without using its strength or breaking

• volatility

• tendency of a substance to evaporate at normal temperatures.

• solubility

• the ability of a substance to dissolve.

Chemical Properties

• a property of matter that describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with different properties.

• combustibility

• the tendency to react with oxygen, releasing heat.

• flammability

• the ability of a substance to burn is flammability

• reactivity

• reactive means an element easily form chemical bonds, often releasing energy