Korean Counting System and Family Members

Counting in Korean

  • Korean has two main counting systems: Native Korean and Sino-Korean. The transcript focuses on the Native Korean system for smaller numbers and general usage.

Native Korean Numbers

  • Used for counting objects, age, and time (hours).

  • Numbers 1-10:

    • 1: 하나 (hana)
    • 2: 둘 (dul)
    • 3: 셋 (set)
    • 4: 넷 (net)
    • 5: 다섯 (daseot)
    • 6: 여섯 (yeoseot)
    • 7: 일곱 (ilgeop)
    • 8: 여덟 (yeodeol)
    • 9: 아홉 (ahop)
    • 10: 열 (yeol)

  • Numbers 11-19:

    • 11: 열하나 (yeolhana) = 열한 (yeolhan)
    • 12: 열둘 (yeoldul) = 열두 (yeoldu)

  • Multiples of 10:

    • 20: 스물 (seumul) = 스무 (seumu)
    • 30: 서른 (seoreun)
    • 40: 마흔 (maheun)
    • 50: 쉰 (swin)
    • 60: 예순 (yesun)
    • 70: 일흔 (ilheun)
    • 80: 여든 (yeodeun)
    • 90: 아흔 (aheun)
    • 100: 백 (baek)

Examples of Numbers

  • 25: 이십오 (isibo)
  • 65: 육십오 (yukshipo)
  • 99: 구십구 (gushipgu)
  • 100: 백 (baek)
  • 168: 백육십팔 (baekyukshipbal)
  • 999: 구백구십구 (gubaekgushipgu)
  • 1000: Number 100
  • Number 10: Number 10
  • 1,001,000: 백만 (baengman)
  • Number 1, Number 10

Usage

  • Used to count:
    • Age
    • Number of objects (e.g., boxes)

Counters (Units)

  • 갑 (gap): bundle, package
  • 그릇 (geureut): bowl
  • 송이 (songi): bunch (of flowers, grapes)
  • 켤레 (kyeolle): pair (shoes, socks)
  • 시 (si): o'clock
  • 시간 (shigan): hour(s)
  • 살 (sal): age
  • 명/사람 (myeong/saram): person
  • 마리 (mari): animal
  • 잔 (jan): cup (of tea, coffee)
  • tấm: sheet
  • 컵 (keop): cup
  • 번 (beon): time (instance)
  • 벌 (beol): set (of clothes)
  • Thỏi: end
  • Cái
  • LH : Cái, móc
  • 달 (dal): month
  • 통 (tong): tub, container
  • 병 (byeong): bottle
  • Vòng
  • 채 : tool

Family Members

  • 할아버지 (harabeoji): Grandfather (paternal)
  • 할머니 (halmeoni): Grandmother (paternal)
  • 외할아버지 (oeharabeoji): Grandfather (maternal)
  • 외할머니 (oehalmeoni): Grandmother (maternal)
  • 부모님 (bumonim): Parents
  • 아버지 (abeoji) = 아빠 (appa): Father
  • 어머니 (eomeoni) = 엄마 (eomma): Mother
  • 형 (hyeong): Older brother (for males)
  • 누나 (nuna): Older sister (for males)
  • 오빠 (oppa): Older brother (for females)
  • 언니 (eonni): Older sister (for females)
  • 동생 (dongsaeng): Younger sibling
  • 남동생 (namdongsaeng): Younger brother
  • 여동생 (yeodongsaeng): Younger sister
  • 나/저 (na/jeo): I/Me
  • 아내 (anae): Wife
  • 부인 (buin): Wife (formal)
  • 남편 (nampyeon): Husband
  • 아들 (adeul): Son
  • 딸 (ttal): Daughter
  • 외아들 (oeadeul): only son
  • 가족 (gajok): family
  • 대가족 (daegajok): big family
  • 있다 (itda): to have, to exist
  • 없다 (eopda): to not have, to not exist
  • 많이 (manhi): many, a lot
  • 적다 (jeokda): few, little
  • 산다 (sanda): to live