Chapter 1.1

Psychology refers to the scientific study of the mind and behavior. Psychologists use the scientific method to acquire knowledge, proposing hypotheses to explain phenomena that are then tested through observation or experimentation. Psychological science is empirical, based on measurable data, and often deals with observable phenomena. Before the late 1800s, psychology was considered a branch of philosophy, but it has since evolved into a discipline that intersects both natural science and social science.

Often, students pursue psychology to help others or to satisfy educational requirements, leading many to declare it as their major. An education in psychology enhances critical thinking skills, communication abilities, and scientific literacy, preparing students to evaluate various sources of information critically. Additionally, psychology students learn about the complex factors shaping behavior, including the interplay of biology, environment, and experiences, while recognizing the diversity across individuals and cultures.