Scheduled Herbs

Scheduled Herbs Overview

  • Some herbs are categorized as scheduled herbs due to associated risks, including adverse reactions or interactions.

  • Scheduled herbs are regulated, meaning controls are put in place to ensure safety.

S4 Classification

  • Herbs in S4 can be prescribed by licensed pharmacists or doctors but are typically not prescribed as they opt for pharmaceutical alternatives.

  • Herbalists or naturopaths are not permitted to prescribe these herbs, which is a point of contention within the community.

Reasons for Scheduling

  • Herbs are scheduled primarily for public safety due to risks indicated by usage data.

  • Problems may include adverse health effects, which lead to a careful evaluation and scheduling by authorities.

Regulation and Evolving Status of Herbs

  • The classification of herbal substances can change; for example, herbs previously penalized can be re-evaluated based on new safety data.

  • Example: Kava was scheduled due to safety concerns but can be re-assessed if those concerns are resolved.

Example of Comfrey

  • Comfrey can be used externally but not internally due to evidence linking it to liver damage.

  • This caution is based on a history of adverse effects observed with its usage.

Role of TGA (Therapeutic Goods Administration)

  • The TGA oversees the regulation of therapeutic goods but does not regulate practitioners or their practices directly.

  • They assess risk to public health to make decisions about scheduling herbs and substances.

  • Herbs that pose a serious risk are put on a watch list rather than outright banned.

Example: Black Cohosh

  • Despite previous incidents of liver damage, Black cohosh remains unscheduled for public access and is subject to ongoing monitoring due to its risk profile.

Common Scheduled Herbs

  • Ephedra: Known for risks associated with liver damage, commonly scheduled in herbal practice.

  • Comfrey: Approved for external use only, with strict regulation against internal consumption due to liver damage risks.

  • Atropa Belladonna (Deadly Nightshade): Scheduled, still used in optometry but has nerve toxin properties if ingested.

Historical Context of Belladonna

  • Name derived from "beautiful lady", referencing its historical use in cosmetics to dilate pupils and simulate attraction, leading to toxicity in users.

  • Yohimbe: Contains compounds that pose liver health risks.

  • Eucalyptus Oil (S6): Approved for external use but ingestion is discouraged due to potential toxicity.

  • Tea Tree Oil (S6): Similar to Eucalyptus, it's used externally; ingestion is not recommended.

  • Arnica: Approved for topical use only; internal use is prohibited.