MMM Exam1

2 Oomycota characteristics that differentiate them from normal fungi: Cellulose and non-septate hyphae

Hierarchy: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Scientific Name: (italics) Genus species

Heterotrophic: cannot photosynthesize

Absorption: where fungi obtain nutrients by secreting enzymes outside the hyphae

Reproduction is through production of sexual or asexual spores produced on hyphae or on a fruiting body

Chitin: what makes up fungal cell walls

Cellulose: what makes up plant cell walls

Basidiomycota: phylum containing mushrooms, rusts & smuts

Spawning: mycelium colonized grain (spawn) is spread over & mixed into compost

Casing: A top-dressing is added to the spawn run compost

Pinning: Mushroom initials develop from rhizomorphs

Cropping: Repeated harvest periods (flush or break)

Phase I composting: Making the compost; raw ingredients are mixed, piles are formed and aerobic fermentation takes place

Phase II composting: Finishing the compost: pasteurizing to kill pests and conditioning to remove ammonia

Damping-off: death of a seedling before or shortly after emergence

Pathogen: An organism that causes disease

Pathogenicity: The ability of a pathogen to interfere with one or more plant functions

Virulence: Degree or measure of pathogenicity; relative capacity to cause disease

Symptom: result of infection (discolored leaves)

Sign: structures or products of a pathogen on or in diseases plants

Monocyclic: fungi complete 1 disease cycle/generation per season

Polycyclic: fungi that complete several disease cycle/generations during 1 growing season