Infection control
Infectious diseases and pathogens
Infection control are the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms
4types of potentially harmful organisms
Bacteria/Bactericidal : capable of destroying bacteria
Fungi/Fungicidal: capable of destroying fungi
Viruses/Virucidal: capable of destroying viruses
Parasites: capable of destroying parasites
Uses proper precautions to disinfect from client to client
Bacteria : one called microorganisms that have both plant and animals characteristics
Microorganisms: any organisms of microscopic or sub microscopic size, some bacterial or harmful/harmless
Nopathogenic: harmless
Pathogenic: harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infections in a human when they invade body
Pathogenic/Pathogens
Cooci: our round shape bacteria that appears singly (alone)/ groups
Staphylocci
-pus forming
-grows in cluster like grapes
-may not cause infection in
healthy humans.
-causes abscesses, pustules & boils
Streptocci
-pus forming
-arranged in curved lines like
string beans.
-causes abscesses infection such as strep throat & blood poisoning
Diplococci:
-grows in pairs
causes disease; pneumonia
Spirilla:
-spiral/corkscrew shaped
-subdivided into subgroups such as
treponema pallium causes syphilis (std) & bordelaise burgdorferi causes Lyme disease
daughter cell
split into 2 cell
Bacilli
-short rod shaped
-most common bacteria
-produce diseases; diphtheria tetanus (jaw lock) typhoid fever, tuberculosis
Bacilli & sprilla : both capable of self movement
Cocci & airborn: 2 phases : active/inactive
Active bacteria rose and reproduces (daughter cell)
inactive certain bacteria cults themselves with wax like outer shell
Bacteria infections w/o presence of pathogens bacterial
Inflammation: a condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection.
Pus: a fluid created by infection contains white blood cells, bacteria, & dead cells
(presence of pus is a sign of bad infection)
local infection: pimple or absence is confined to particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus
Staphylococci: most common bacteria that affects human, and are normally other surfaces. Salon spa medical facilities and med spas spread through skin to skin contact or use of unclean tools or implements.
MRSA:(methicllin resistant staphylococcus aureus) historically occurred most medical procedure. Today it is common in healthy people.
-usually appears as a skin infection such as pustules rashes and boils (difficult to cure) w/o proper treatment the infection becomes systemic and can have devastating consequences that can resolve in death. It is important to clean and disinfect all tools implements using the salon or spa.
Contagious disease: aka communicable disease Most common contagious disease is cold, ringworm pink eye, viral infection, nail toe or foot infections. Most common for these infections to spread is through dirty hands dust under fingernails and fingers. Can be spread by touching germs. Spread from one person to another.
Viruses is a capable of replication only through taking over the host cells reproductive function.
Virus
• can live & reproduce only by taking over other cells & becoming part of them
Are not effective by antibiotics
Are hard to kill w/o harming the body’s own cell in the process
Vaccine prevent virus growth
Bacteria
can live & reproduce only its own
Can be treated with specific antibiotics
Bloodbrone pathogens
-disease causing microorganisms that are carried in the body by blood or body fluids such as hepatitis & hives
Hepatitis
- a blood borne virus that causes disease & can damage the liver
HIV/AIDS
HIV IS THE VIRUS THAT CAUSES AIDS
-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
-spread from person to person through blood and less often through other body fluids such as semen and vagina secretions
-AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
A disease that breaks down the body’s immune system
FUNGI
-microscopic plant parasite that includes molded mildew and yeast also called vegetable parasite obtain nourishment from dead organic matter or from living organisms.
-usually affect the skin as they live off keratin a protein that makes up the skin
Most basic cause of fungai infection are dermatophytes the fungi that causes skin nails and hair infections.
Most common fungal
-tines pedis a ring worm fungus of the foot or athletes foot
-tines corporis ring worm fungus
-onychomycosis nail infection
-folliculitis inflammation of hair follicles caused by bacterial infection in grown
-tines versicolor (sun spots) characterized by white or very color patches on the skin often found in the mouth/vaginal areas. Both are caused by Candida albicans yeast in moisture rich environment.
Both bacteria and fungal infection will spread to others unless of implements, surface towels, and everything that touches the client is properly cleaned after each use.
Parasite: organism that grows , feed, & shelter on/in another organism. Ex lice, scabies
Immunity: ability of the body to destroy & resist infection
Natural immunity: partly inherited & partly developed through healthy living
Acquired immunity: develops after overcoming a disease through inoculations (flu, vac) or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen.