Electromagnetic Interference and Pacemakers

Medical and Non-Medical Sources of Pacemaker Inhibition

Introduction

  • The NASPExAM often includes questions about medical and non-medical sources of pacemaker inhibition.
  • Information is based on charts from the EPSAP (Electrophysiology Self-Assessment Program), modified for newsletter format.
  • The SJM Technical Insight dated June 1998, titled “Electromagnetic Interference and the Pacemaker Patient,” is referenced.

Devices with No Effect on Pacemakers

  1. Microwave Oven
  2. CT Scan/Ultrasound
  3. X-Rays – diagnostic

Devices Causing Transient or 1-Beat Inhibition

  1. Electronic Article Surveillance (EAS)
  2. Cellular Telephones
  3. Arc Welding (asynchronous pacing may also occur)
  4. Airport Metal Detectors (asynchronous pacing may also occur)
  5. TENS (nerve stimulator) - (asynchronous pacing or total inhibition may also occur)
  6. Electric Appliances:
    • Electric blanket
    • Electric shaver
    • TV
    • Can opener
    • CB Radio
    • HAM Radio
    • Power tools
    • Metal detector
    • Note: Electric appliances RARELY cause transient or 1-beat interference.

Devices That May Damage the Pacemaker

  1. MRI:
    • April 19, 2005: Evidence suggests MRI may be safe for selected patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and pacemakers.
    • More research is needed for a definitive resolution.
    • Referenced