Period 4 Test

Bloodless Revolution/1800 Election

Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied in electoral votes making the election go to the House of Representatives

This is the only time that this has happened

The election ended peacefully with Thomas Jefferson being elected because of his promise to keep some federalist ideals

This election caused many slurs and abuses about candidates

Embargo Act

Thomas Jefferson’s response to the Chesapeake/Leopard affair

Stops American ships from sailing to foreign ports and stops Americans from shipping to foreign countries

Causes the US to sink into an economic depression

Impressment

Taking sailors as prisoners and making them fight in the military against their will

Mostly done by the British to the Americans

A major cause of the War of 1812

Lifting of Property Taxes for Suffrage

This led to universal white male voting rights

Allowed the common people to elect government officials

The election of 1824 was the first election of the common people

Democratic Philosophies

Supported the common people

Opposed national bank plan

Supported states’ rights

Cut military spending

Liked Andrew Jackson because he was a man of the common people and a war hero.

Whig Philosophies

Supported the wealthy and well-educated

Favored strong central government

Increased military spending

Did not like Andrew Jackson because they thought he was reckless and uneducated

Veto of National Bank

Andrew Jackson vetoed the national bank because he thought that it supported the rich at the expense of the common people

A majority of voters supported his plan to veto the bank

This caused Jackson to issue Specie Circular which told people to pay for land with gold or silver

Specie Circular led to panic (depression)

Pro’s of Universal White Male Suffrage

Allowed for input from the common people

Made more people vote

Con’s of Universal White Male Suffrage

It led to more disagreements about race as only white men could vote in most states

Angered the rich people, because they did not think that men that don’t own land needed to vote

McCullogh v. Maryland

Maryland tried to collect taxes from the National Bank

Ruled as a federal power, not a state power

Era of Good Feeling

The time period of Monroe’s presidency before the Panic of 1819

Monroe Doctrine

Says that the western hemisphere is off-limits to anyone except the United States

Showed American importance in foreign affairs

Any attempt by Europe to colonize would be seen as an act of war

Gave Americans a new sense of nationalism

Latin America welcomed this policy as an offer of protection

Missouri Compromise

Written by Henry Clay

Says that what is left of the Louisiana Territory and north of the 36-30 (Mason Dixon Line) would not allow slavery

Nullification Crisis

South Carolina was upset over the Tariff of 1828 and decided to nullify the tariff

South Carolina also threatened to secede if the federal government attempted to collect the tax

Andrew Jackson accepted that challenge and told South Carolina that nullification went against the constitution

He said that he would continue to take steps against them if they nullified the law

Force Bill

Gave the president power to use the Army and Navy to enforce South Carolina to follow the tariff

This upset South Carolina, so Henry Clay will step in to write a compromise

Indian Removal Act

Forced most Eastern Indian Tribes to move west to reservations

Cherokee challenges this law

Led to the Trail of Tears

Trail of Tears

The trail that Cherokee Indians had to walk on to get to their reserves

Many Indians died from the heat on their way to Oklahoma

Thousands of Cherokee died on the trail from starvation, diseases, and cold weather.

South Carolina Exposition and Protest

John C. Calhoun was the leading spokesman against the Tariff of Abomination

Calhoun said that the federal government was created by the state, for the state

Also said that states have the power to declare laws null and void or unconstitutional

Calhoun also believed that states could terminate their membership of the union and secede

Warhawks

A group of southerners who elected John C. Calhoun and Henry Clay to congress

They were the people that wanted war against Britain for the impressment that was happening

They were also expansionists who wanted to gain Canada from Britain and Florida from Spain

Implied Government Powers

Powers of the United States federal government that are not specifically stated in the constitution

Reserved Government Powers

These are powers that are not specifically given to the federal government by the constitution, making these state powers

Enumerated Government Powers

Powers that are specifically given to the federal government in the constitution

Inherit Government Power

These are powers that are not specifically mentioned in the constitution but are necessary for the government to carry out their duties