Constitution- Compromises Notes (2)

Constitutional Compromises

Overview

• This section covers important compromises made during the formation of the Constitution, specifically the Great Compromise and the 3/5 Compromise.

Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)

• Addressed issues of representation in Congress.

• Occurred due to problems with the Articles of Confederation.

  • Each state had one vote, which was seen as unfair by larger states with greater populations.

Virginia Plan

• Developed by James Madison.

• Proposed a bicameral legislature (two houses).

• Representation based on state population.

• Beneficial for Virginia, as it has a larger population, allowing more influence in Congress.

New Jersey Plan

• Developed by William Paterson.

• Proposed a unicameral legislature (one house).

• Each state would have an equal number of votes, regardless of population.

• Beneficial for New Jersey, ensuring equal representation regardless of size.

Implementation of the Great Compromise

• The compromise established a bicameral legislature consisting of:

  • Senate: 2 representatives per state (aligned with New Jersey Plan).

  • House of Representatives: Representation based on state population (aligned with Virginia Plan).

3/5 Compromise

• Addressed the debate over whether slaves should count in state populations for representation in Congress.

North vs South Perspectives

• North: Did not want slaves counted as population because few or no slaves were held.

• South: Favored counting slaves to increase their population numbers and representation.

Compromise Outcome

• Slaves were counted as 3/5 of a person when determining a state's population.

• Importantly, slaves were still not allowed to vote.

Homework Assignment

• Read about other issues at the Constitutional Convention to see more examples of compromises.

• Preparation for class discussions on the compromises that shaped American governance.