Tissue: Epithelial

Simple Squamous

• Location: Blood vessels, lungs, and heart

• Function: diffusion/filtration of CO2 and O2

• Characteristics: flat, single layer, nucleus, cell membrane

Simple Columnar Non-Ciliated

• Location: Gastrointestinal Tract

• Function: secretion & production of mucus

• Characteristics: columns, elongated nuclei due to the push of goblet cells

Simple Columnar Ciliated

• Location: Upper respiratory

• Function: to move mucus and other substances

• Characteristics: columns, goblet cells, cilia

Pseudostratified Columnar Ciliated

• Location: Upper respiratory

• Function: Secretion & movement of mucus by cilia

• Characteristics: goblet cells, cilia, nuclei unorganized

Stratified Squamous

• Location: protection

• Function: superficial surface & covering of mouth

• Characteristics: Rounder tissue on the basement membrane, Flater squashed ones closer to the apical surface due to mitosis, mitosis occurs by the basement membrane

Glandular

• Location: glands

• Function: secretion

  • Endocrine glands: secretion of hormones

  • Exocrine: secretion of sweat/tears into ducts

• Characteristics: center of the gland a lumen, one layer of epithelial cells around the lumen

Simple Cuboidal

• Location: Tubes, Kidney tubes, Surface Ovary, lungs

• Function: secretion & absorption

• Characteristics: one layer. around lumen, cube-shaped

Transitional

• Location: 3 U’s, urethra, ureter, urinary bladder

• Function: elastic tissue: allows organs to stretch without rupturing

• Characteristics: modified squamous cells, many layers

  • THINGS TO REMEMBER squamous looking when stretched, cuboidal when relaxed

Application Questions

Question: What type of epithelial tissue is found in the lungs' alveoli, facilitating rapid diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide? Simple Squamous

Question: What is the function of simple columnar non-ciliated epithelium in the human body? moves food

Question: What is the function of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium in the respiratory system? movement of mucus

Question: What are some characteristics of all epithelial tissue? High mitotic rate, nerve, avascular, junction

Question: What is the name of the structure that attaches epithelium to underlying connective tissue? Basement membrane

Question: What are some examples of exocrine secretion? Sweat and Tears

Question: What epithelial tissue is elastic? Transitional

Question: What is the name of the surface of epithelial tissue? Apical Surface

Question: What is the name for tissue repair, involving damaged tissue replaced with the same cell? Regeneration

Question: What is the name for overgrowth tissue increase in a number of cells? Hyperplasia

Question: What is an example of endocrine secretion? Hormones

Question: Where is the location of goblet cells in columnar tissue? Near apical surface

Question: Where does mitosis occur in epithelial tissue? Near basement membrane

Question: When working out what do your cells undergo? Hypertrophy