world

3 M’s: Merchants, Missionaries, Military

Five Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Charity, Fasting, Hajj

House of Wisdom: Center of learning in Baghdad

Baghdad: Major trading hub

Politics: Major source of social/political division

Caste: Based on birth

Class: Allows more social mobility

Social mobility: Education, money, knowledge, opportunities, work

Sultanate: Territory ruled by a sultan

Jizya: Tax on certain non-Muslims

Matrilineal: Mother's side

Patrilineal: Father's side

City-state: City + surrounding territory as a political unit

Divine right: Ruler's authority comes from God/gods

Tribute: Goods/payments given to a more powerful ruler

Maya: No standing army

Maya religion: Polytheistic + human sacrifice

Maya achievements: Writing, calendars, astronomy, math

Tenochtitlan: Aztec capital built on a lake

Aztec tribute: Conquered peoples gave goods/labor/resources

Theocracy: Government controlled/based on religious authority

Inca: 4 provinces, each with a governor

Inca achievements: Roads, bridges, irrigation, aqueducts

Pizarro: Conquered the Inca in 1532

Disease: Europeans brought diseases that devastated Native populations because of lack of immunity