legislation
Date | Name | description | Significance |
23rd April 1509 | Henry VIII Crowned king | 'the end of our slavery, the fount of our liberty, the end of sadness...' -More |
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1510 | Epsom and Dudley executed |
| Council learned abolished |
1515 | Wolsey becomes Lord Chancellor/ appointed cardinal | Credited with making a major contribution to English law | 7,526 cases heard in Court of Chancery, 1,685 in the Star Chamber (champion of poor?) |
1515 | Act of Resumption | Took back lands granted away |
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1515 | Re-enacted HVII's law of 1489 ordering destruction of enclosures |
| An overreaction to bad harvests 1511-13? Not such a large problem |
1518 | Wolsey made papal legate |
| In 1521 this was extended to life |
1521 | Henry named Fidei Defensor | Given by the pope after book 'in Defence of the Seven Sacraments) |
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1521 | Duke of Buckingham executed | Was only English duke at start of reign, regarded with suspicion | Shows ruthlessness towards nobility at start of reign |
1523 | One of two (1515) Pt called under Wolsey | W appeared personally in HofC demanding a subsidy of 4/-, speaker More told W he had no right in HofC however later pt grated smaller subsidy (1/4 of wanted) and W had to abandon his campaign against enclosure to secure the deal | Mean more resistance to amicable grant as this tax still being collected, Tudor Subsidy more accurate way of collection tax, able to raise considerable funds |
1525 | Amicable Grant | Forced loan, 1/6th moveable goods/incomes; 1/3rd clergy's income. | Widely opposed; disorder in Lavenham, Suffolk involved 10,000 men (Loades 'quasi rebellion) |
1525 | Revived Court of Marches of Wales and Council of the North | Tribunals inherited from Yorkists, Henry's illegitimate son made Lieutenant-General of the North | Not Wolsey trying to raise personal power, members common lawyers experianced in affairs of North, not Wolsey's yes men as remained after his downfall |
1525 | Princess Mary's Council set up | In Wales, perhaps reflection lawlessness | Hoped her presence would slow flag and boost status of Council of Marches |
1526 | Eltham Ordinance | Reform finances of Privy Council/royal household | Reduction in number of Gentlemen in PC 12-6 (increase own importance) replaced Henry's Groom of Stool Sir William Compton. (Gwyn argues purely financial vs Starkey who argues Wolsey feared Amicable Grant would make him unpopular) |
October 1529 | Statute of Praemunire | Pope cant interfere in England and as legate Wolsey was challenging royal family's power (praemunire) | Wolsey's downfall |
1529-36 | Reformation parliament |
| Precedent of parliament passing religious legislation |
1531 | Clergy collectively accused of praemunire and fined |
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1532 | Supplication against the Ordinaries | H of C petition against bishops, king demanded lay scrutiny of clergy, they agreed, submission of clergy | Designed to increase anti-clerical pressure in House of Commons |
1532 | First Act of Annates (conditional restraint) | Only allowed 5% of money normally remitted to Rome, coincided with formal submission of Clergy to HVIII | More resignations |
January1553 | Henry marries Anne | Secret marriage by Cranmer, pregnancy decided timing of break. |
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April 1533 | Act in restraint of appeals to Rome | Based on manuscript compiled by Foxe and Cranmer (Collectanae satis copiosa) historical precedents which claimed to deny papal rule | Cut off appeals from the verdict of the archbishop of Canterbury, Cranmer could hear and grant divorce - no appeal |
April 1534 | Act of Succession | Anne's son to be unchallenged heir, Mary declared a bastard and it became treason to write/do anything agaisnt the marriage. |
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November 1534 | Act of Supremacy | King's headship of C of E |
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November 1534 | Treason Act | Treason to say Henry/Anne were heretics/schismatics, reflected govt fear of Pro-papal elements causing rebellion |
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1534 | 2nd Act of Annates (Act in Absolute Restraint of Annates) | Cut off all payments to Rome, increased financial burned on clergy | Money went to Henry (£40-50,000 p.a.) strengthened royal supremacy |
1534 | Act Annexing First Fruits and tenths to the Crown | Punitive regular tax on clergy and much more than paid to Rome, all clerical officers were to give first year's income on appointment and an annual tenth thereafter |
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1535 | Valor Ecclesiasticus | Black book, justifying the dissolution |
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January 1536 | Catherine of Aragon dies |
| H can marry Seymor |
March 1536 | Act for dissolution of smaller monasteries | All religious houses with annual income less than £200 should be dissolved and property handed to the crown | 300 fell into category, 67 exemptions (made to pay) |
1536 | 10 Articles on Religion | Left out 4 sacrements and denied full doctrine of purgatory, hints of Lutheran ideas but more significant what was left out | Audience was clergy |
1536 | Rowland Lee appointed as President of Welsh Council | Influence by Englefield, member of council, TC established more uniforme govt in Wales, English style JPs introduced 1536 and Welsh shires could elect an MP to English Pt | A further statue 1543 further embedded union |
1537 | Bishops' Book | Restored 4 sacrements omitted from Ten Articles |
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1538 | Injunctions | -established register of birth marriages and death, English bible in every church, Pilgrimages discouraged |
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1539 | Act for the dissolution of larger monasteries | Any voluntary surrenderings were completely legal | Neither sped up or slowed down the dissolutions (800 monasteries in less than 5 years) all monasteries dissolved by 1540 |
1539 | Act of Six Articles (six Whips) | All 7 sacraments necessary for salvation, good works for salvation, confirmed transubstantiation, banned clerical marriage | Triumph for conservatives |
1543 | King's Book | Distinctly Catholic and conservative |
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1543 | Prebendaries' Plot | Conservatives in Kent against Cranmer |
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1546 | Anne askew dead | She was a protestant burnt at stake |
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