WANs

Networks Overview

• Types of Networks:

  • WAN (Wide Area Network)

  • Covers large geographical areas.

  • Devices may include phone lines and satellites owned by third-party telecom companies.

  • LAN (Local Area Network)

  • A network that connects computers and devices within a small, localized area.

  • Hardware is owned by the organization implementing the LAN.

Key Definitions

• Internet: A worldwide network of interconnected WANs.

• DNS (Domain Name Server): The server responsible for translating domain names into IP addresses.

• Web Hosting: The service of providing server resources for websites, often offered by specialized companies.

• Cloud Computing: Online services to store and process data through internet-hosted servers.

  • Examples include Office 365, Google Drive, Netflix.

Technical Terms

• IP Address:

  • Represents every computer on the internet with a unique identifier (e.g., 140.125.152.205).

  • Similar to a postal address.

• ISP (Internet Service Provider): The company providing internet connectivity.

• URL (Uniform Resource Locator): Human-readable web address pointing to a resource on the internet (e.g., http://www.google.com).

How DNS Works

1. User types in a URL (e.g., www.bbc.co.uk).

2. URL sent to ISP; DNS looks up the corresponding IP address.

3. ISP retrieves the IP from its DNS database and informs the user's device.

4. User's computer connects to the intended web server using the IP address.

Cloud Computing Considerations

• Advantages of Cloud Storage:

  • Increased storage allows firms to handle more cases efficiently.

  • Cloud solutions provide time-efficient data backup.

  • Enable remote work capabilities for employees.

  • Generally more cost-effective than maintaining personal infrastructure.

• Disadvantages of Cloud Storage:

  • Concerns about security and compliance due to data hosting in various jurisdictions.

  • Dependence on Internet connection for access.

Virtual Networks (VLANs and VPNs)

• Virtual Networks: Software-defined networks subdividing physical LANs and WANs.

• VLAN: Used to separate workgroups within the same organization.

• VPN (Virtual Private Network): Creates a secure, encrypted connection over a public network, allowing remote teams to communicate discreetly.

Example Scenarios in Networking

• Advantages of Cloud Storage for a Law Firm:

  • Provides sufficient storage for increased client engagement.

  • Efficient data recovery system saves time/money.

• Identifying Network Types:

  • Example: A house network with Ethernet and WiFi is a LAN due to its localized setup using owned infrastructure. Justifications include small geographic coverage and connectivity through proprietary hardware.

• Difference Between WAN and LAN:

  • WAN: Extends over vast distances using third-party infrastructure.

  • LAN: Limited to a small area, operated with self-owned equipment.