Texas Administration
Texas Administration
This is the Texas bureaucracy—the agencies that carry out the government policy/political policy. Bureaucracy is also a type of organization associated with red tape—strict rules and regulations, specialization—only certain officials can do certain tasks, and hierarchy—arrangement of power/pyramid arrangement of power. The bureaucrats—employees of a government agency implement—put into effect/action the government programs. The government agency can be a department, board, or commission. Public administration is the carrying out of the government policy AND is the various agencies that are responsible for the activities.
Texas has four types of administrative agencies. The first type is those with elected executives. The second type is those with appointed executives. The third type is those with elected boards or commissions. The last is those with appointed boards or commissions.
Elected Executives
Attorney General
Comptroller of Public Accounts
Commissioner of the General Land Office
Commissioner of Agriculture
Appointed Executives
Secretary of State
Health and Human Services Commission
Elected Boards and commissions
Railroad Commission
State Board of Education
Appointed Boards and Commissions
Public Utility Commission
Sources of Bureaucratic Power
Clientele- The group the agency serves.
Legislature- The agencies have as much contact with the legislature as possible with the intention to keep their current funding.
Executive- The governor appoints many agencies heads. The agencies do all they can win the governor’s support.
Public- The agencies do all they can to win and keep public support for their existence.
Leadership- The agencies want their executive to be stable because that gains them funding. The executive must also be willing to lobby and to be an expert who provides information to the legislature and executive.
Involvement in Policymaking Process
Implementation of the laws.
The agencies have administrative discretion—freedom to use their own judgment as to how the laws will be carried out. When the agency makes rules it is called quasi-legislative function. When the agency decides how the rules will be enforced or decides the punishment for breaking the rules, it is called quasi-judicial function.
Influencing legislation
The agencies are responsible for drafting the bills, furnishing information about the bill, and lobbying for its passage.
Control of the Bureaucracy
Sunset Act
This Act created a review board composed of Representatives and Senators and private citizens to review many of the agencies within a 12 year term. The board has successfully required revisions in the way the agency operates, ended overlapping of duties, and has closed agencies
Sunshine Act
This Act requires open records and open meetings. The agencies must publish and give the secretary of state agendas for all meetings and have meetings open to the public.
Whistle-Blower Protection
The Texas law has proven to be ineffective in protecting whistle-blowers.