Contemporary Art Forms and Practices in the Philippine

Bahay na Bato - House that is based on the bahay kubo architecture but made with more stable and durable materials with influences from Spanish and Chinese architecture Bahay Kubo - Epitome of Filipino vernacular architecture, a house erected with stills and made of plant materials, such as bamboo and dried coconut leaves for roofs Bangka - Collective term for the diverse maritime crafts across the country used for transport, fishing, and trading Harana - Traditional act of courtship in the form of a serenade Kundiman - Love song written in Tagalog used in courtship Neovernacular Architecture - Vernacular or traditional architecture combined with modern architecture (e.g. Coconut Palance, San Miguel Corporations Headquarters, Cultural Center of the Philippines) Original Pilipino Music (OPM) - Songs composed by Filipino artists in different genres and styles Pasyon - A retelling of the Passion of Jesus Christ through readings, chants, performance, and narratives Senakulo - A dramatic play or reenactment of the Passion of Jesus Christ performed during the holy week Tanaga - Poetry based on the Japanese Haiku, has 4 lines, 7 syllables for each line, and has a rhyme scheme of AABB or AAAA Zarzuela - lyric-dramatic play introduced by Spaniards that blends theatrical drama, singing, and dancing which started as a form of propaganda against foreign rule R1 – Ilocos Region Bolinao Mats (Pangasinan) - Mats made from dried buri or palm leaves cut into strips and woven - Some strips are dyed to make distinct patterns and designs Burnay (Ilocos Sur) - Tradition of making jars from the clay kneaded by carabaos before being worked on by the potter originally used for aging, vinegar, wine, and bagoong Inabel (Ilocos) - Traditional plain or patterned weaving originated in Ilocos using cotton e.g. Binakol -type of abel weave that uses geometric optical patterns which represent waves of the sea meant to ward off evil spirits Pandango Oasiwas (Originated in Pangasinan) - Spanish fandango dance performed when fishermen celebrate a day of good yield with the dancers swinging and dancing while holding lighted lamps Sayaw sa Bangko (Originated in Pangasinan) - Folk dance in which the dancers perform their dances on top of multiple benches Vigan Architecture (Ilocos Sur) - Established in the 16th century, it is a town that has preserved Spanish Renaissance Architecture Cordillera Administrative Region Batok (Kalinga) - Practice of tattooing by using a thorn attached to a stick and a mixture of charcoal and water. - In Kalinga tribes, men earn tattoos to show pride and achievements, while women show it to beautify themselves and signify wealth Gangsa (Kalinga, Ifugao_ - Single handheld smoothsurfaced gong with a narrow rim Ikat (Ifugao) - Technique of dyeing the cotton yarns before weaving Labba (Ifugao) - Wide basket made from the bamboo used to carry produce from the fields Rice Terraces of the Philippine Cordilleras (Ifugao) - Rice terraces that are built on hills and slopes of fields of rice. Spread across four municipalities in the Ifugao Province R2 – Cagayan Valley Bakwat (Nueva Viscaya) - Weaved cotton belt worn by mothers after giving birth Butaka (Isabela) - Wooden chair with long “arm rests” that are actually for the legs as it was originally used by women when giving birth Sambali (Cagayan) - War dance meant to depict the fight between Christians and Non-Christians who opposed Spanish influence performed during the Sambali Festival Vakul (Batanes) - Headgear made from dried Voyavoy leaves worn by women to provide them from protection from the heat R3 – Central Luzon Pabalat (Bulacan) - Kind of paper art in which intricate designs are made by cutting Japanese Paper to wrap a delicacy called pastillas Parol (Pampanga) - An ornamental, star-shaped lantern made for Christmas to symbolize the Star of Bethlehem Pyrotechnics (Bulacan) - The craft of creating fireworks Singkaban (Bulacan) - The art of producing decorative materials using bamboo Subic Spanish Gate (Zambales) - A gate built in 1885 that originally served as the entrance to the Spanish naval station and then turned into a base by the US Navy R4A – CALABARZON Balsa (Batangas) - A boat made of bamboo decorated during the Balsa Festival in Batangas as recognition for its significance in transport, fishing, as well as tourism Barong Tagalog (Laguna) - Popularly known as “Barong”, it is the official formal wear of men in the country. Higantes (Rizal) - A giant paper mache meant to portray farmers mocking and protesting mean landlords when Angono was a hacienda used during the Higantes Festival Kiping (Quezon Province) - A delicacy made of glutenous rice and shaped into a leaf used in the Pahiyas Festival in Lucban, Quezon which is also made to serve as a decorative piece Maglalatik (originated in Laguna) - An indigenous dance in which the dancers tap and utilize halved coconut husks strapped onto their bodies Taka (Laguna) - The art of making paper mache crafts made using wood statues as molds R4B – MIMAROPA Ambahan (Mindoro) - A poem created by the Hanunuo Mangyans that is chanted and often carved on a bamboo Morion (Marinduque) - A large mask which resembles Caucasian features used for a street play in the Moriones Festival Pandanggo sa Ilaw (originated in Mindoro) - A dance influenced by the Spanish dance, fandango, wherein the dancer must balance oil lamps on their hands and head R5 - Bicol Region Pantomina (originated in Bicol) - Also known as the “dove dance”, it is a dance originally performed in weddings by the couple and their visitors. Balay (Sorsogon) - Weaved crafts made of buri, a native palm Module 3: Art Forms and Practices in Visayas and Mindanao R6 – Western Visayas Capiz (Capiz) - Crafts and decorations made from seashells Cariñosa (Panay Island) - A dance introduced by the Spaniards performed for flirting with the female dancer utilizing either a fan or handkerchief Dandansoy (originated in Iloilo) - A Visayan folk song about a person leaving a boy, named Dandansoy, to go back home Hablon (Iloilo) - It is the process of making fabrics using piña, abaca, or cotton in Iloilo. - Patadyong (Antique, Iloilo, Negros Occidental) – A weaved cloth that has a colorful plaid or checkered design Hinilawod (Panay Island) - A 29,000-verse epic poem about the heroes of Panay chanted for three days; Hinilawod translates to “Tales from the Mouth of the Halawod River” Pagrara (Iloilo) - A hand-woven basket made of bamboo Piña (Aklan) - The use of piña fabric, which come from mature pineapple leaves that are scraped, cleaned, and dried before being woven Sinamay (Negros Island) - A fabric woven from abaca fibers from processed abaca trees R7 – Central Visayas Gapnod (Negros Oriental) - A dance reenacting the discovery of an image of St. Anthony of Padua, the patron saint of Sibulan, by a fisherman Guitar (Cebu) - A musical instrument that has 6 strings Kuradang (Bohol) - A wedding dance performed with the accompaniment of a rondalla Mazurka Boholana (Bohol) - A Spanish-inspired ballroom dance where the female character wears a Maria Clara Sinulog (Cebu) - A dance that represents the “sulog” (current) of a river in Cebu performed during the Sinulog Festival Surtido Cebuano (Cebu) - A square dance performed by several pairs that combines influences of Spanish, Mexican, French, as well as indigenous elements together R8 – Eastern Visayas Basey mats (Samar) - Basey, Samar is renowned for its woven sleeping mats, locally known as banig Kuratsa (originated in Leyte) - A courtship dance performed during fiestas, family gatherings, as well as weddings Tinikling (originated in Leyte) - A dance which involves two people beating, tapping, and sliding bamboo poles on the ground and against each other in coordination with one or more dancers R9 – Zamboanga Peninsula Bunga Sama - The highest form of Yakan weaving that has patterns that represent the universe Gong - A percussion musical instrument that is usually made of metal Semmek - The collective term for dresses made by the Yakan women using abaca, pineapple, and bamboo Tanyak Tanyak - A custom of face painting by the use of a mixture of flour and water done in wedding ceremonies R10 – Northern Mindanao Kudyapi - An instrument that looks like a boat and has two strings Hinabol (Bukidnon) - A hand-woven fabric made by the ethnic Higaonon tribe Idangdang (Bukidnon) - A ballad song that is about recalling historical events Panika (Bukidnon) - A headdress worn during festivities made of native materials R11 – Davao Region Dagmay - A weaved fabric made by the Mandaya tribe that is usually used by women as a skirt, as well as blankets or wraps for the dead Bagobo Inabal - A traditional textile made from abaca with a special weave worn only by women and has a shine from the beeswax applied during the weaving process R12 – SOCCSKSARGEN Ginakit (Sarangani) - Brightly colored boats used by Muslim royals and highranking people in Mindanao during the pre-colonial and Spanish periods, and now showcased in the Pakaradyan Festival Tabih (General Santos City, Sarangani, South Cotabato) - A hand-woven cloth made by the B’laan people T’nalak (South Cotabato) - Made by the T’boli people, it is a method of weaving abaca inspired by the weaver’s dreams. R13 – CARAGA Butuan boats (Agusan del Norte) - An edged-pegged plank type boat made from hardwood Itik-Itik (originated in Surigao del Sur) - A dance in which the steps mimic the gestures of a duck Suyam (Agusan del Sur) - A kind of embroidery made by the Manobo people Bangsamoro Bangsamoro Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao Malong (Sulu, all over Mindanao) - A large, wrap-around skirt which displays the okir design Okir (Tawi-Tawi) - A distinct geometric and flowing plant design and folk motifs found among the Moro and Lumad people Pis Syabit (Sulu) - A headdress worn by men to represent one’s rank in society Seputangan (Basilan) - A woven fabric, considered to be one of the earliest weaving techniques, worn by the Yakan women Singkil (Lanao del Sur) - A folk dance which depicts the epic poem, Darangen Sarimanok (Lanao del Sur) - The symbol of Maranao art which depicts a legendary, colorful bird that symbolizes good fortune.