Brain Notes

How Notes Work:

BOLDED IS A NEW SECTION

Tried to keep notes as short/concise as I could.

images are given if I feel the need to (or in case someone here is a visual person)

Note: if you want these turned to test or flashcards for yourself, click on ask Kai and it gives you those options.

These will be made as flashcards regardless but abit more later so you do you on your own studying for now :3

BRAIN LOCATION:

  • skull; Cranium W/ Cerebrospinal Fluid

Cerebrospinal Fluid Function: Liquid that acts as a cushion/barrier to infection

BLUE HIGHLIGHT= where the CSF is contained

MAIN REGIONS:

  1. Cerebrum

  2. Diencephalon

  3. Brain Stem

  4. Cerebellum

an idea as to where those are

CEREBRUM:

  • The largest/Superior part of the brain

  • Controls high Mental Function

  • Left/Right Hemisphere divided by Longitude Fissure

    • R-Hemisphere controls LEFT side of Body

    • L-Hemisphere control RIGHT side of body

    • BOTH hemispheres connected by the Corpus callosum

    Cerebral Cortex:

  • outer layer= GREY matter

    • Grey Matter: Where it processes; contains cell bodies/dendrites BUT NOT MANY AXONS

  • Inside= WHITE matter

Gyri: Ridges

Sulci: Grooves

Fissures: deep grooves

visuals of the three word mentioned

Lobes:

lobes are labeled (look at L/R corners)

Lobe Functions: note: notice how some have similar functions—> THAT’S CUZ THEY WORK TOGETHER

  • Frontal:

    • voluntary movement

    • expression in language

    • reasoning/social understanding

    • Executive functions (self control/attention span)

  • Temporal:

    • Process Sensory:

      + Language/Audio/Memory/Emotion/Visual

  • Parietal:

    • Integration/perception:

      + taste/small/touch/hearing/sight

  • Occipital:

    • Process Visuals:

      + Space/color/shape/motion/recognition/reading

DIENCEPHAL:

Has the Thalamus/Hypothalamus

  • AKA Limbic System

  • Thalamus:

    • Relays msg between lower brain center and cerebral cortex; transmit sensory info.

      EX: plays role w/ sleep/wakefulness

  • Hypothalamus

    • Location: Below thalamus

    • directs eating/drinking/ Temp. of body

    • helps over the endocrine system (Pituitary gland); linked to emotions.

      EX: Pain/pleasure/appetite/emotion regulation

BRAIN STEM:

  • Location: connects spinal cord/brain

  • function: responsible for autonomic NS (nervous system)

Look at the right side to find PONS and MEDULLA OBLONGATAan idea with the midbrain is

3 main structures of Brian Stem:

  • Midbrain

  • Pons

  • Medulla Oblongata

Functions of the Structures:

  • Midbrain: Handle Visual/Audio system AND eye movement

  • Pons: Controls breathing rate

  • Medulla Oblongata: Centers heart rate, BP, muscles for breathing/swallowing/vomiting and more

CEREBELLUM:

  • large structure of the hindbrain that controls muscle coordination/balances/ equilibrium

Meninges: 3 protective membranes that surround the brain/spinal cord

  • Dura Mater: outer Layer

  • Arachnoid: Middle Layer

  • Pia Mater: clings tightly to the brain (INNER BUT THIN layer)

Meningitis: infection of the meninges