Chemical Effects Of Electric Current 🧪⚡

Conductor: A material which allow current to flow through them

• Good Conductor = High conductivity 👍

• Bad conductor = Low Conductivity 👎

Insulators: Do not allow current to flow through ‘em

Electrical Conductivity: Ability of a material to conduct electricity

Tester: A patrial circuit made such that it can indicate the presence of a conductor by lighting up a bulb

• Testing elements - Bulb, Magnetic compass, Buzzer

Electrical Conductivity of Liquids 💧

• Liquids need Ions & solids need free electrons

• A solution can be made more conductive by adding ions aka adding acids or salts

• Pure water = insulator

  Lekin, Tap water = conductor Bcoz it has impurities & salts dissolved in it

• Sugar solution = insulator

  • Sugar just dissolves, doesn’t give ions

• To make distilled water a conductor -

  • Acid

  • Base

  • Salt

Chemical Effects Of Electric Current ⚡

• To identify chemical effect:

  • Change in colour of solution

  • Evolution of gases

  • Deposition of metals

(Collection of metals near electrodes [from where current comes/goes])

• Effect of electric current on a potato 🥔

  When 2 terminals of a cell r connected to the potato, the part where the positive terminal is connected turns green

• Electroplating : Plating of a metal over another metal using electricity

  • Plate connected to positive terminal = Anode - Copper

  • Plate connected to negative terminal = Cathode - Alluminium

    

Current will flow from +ve to -ve

So, copper from Anode will start depositing on Cathode

In Electroplating, the ions of the Anode will start depositing on the Cathode

Electrolyte - the aqueous solution containing metal ions essential for the deposition of the metal plate

• The type of electrolyte influences the efficiency, quality & characteristics of the electroplated layer

So, if the Anode is of copper, the electrolyte will have CuSo₄ (copper sulphate) ions

If Zinc is to be plated, the electrolyte will have Zinc sulphate

Uses of electroplating

1. To prevent scratches

2. To prevent corrosion

3. To make things shiny [ Gold plating can happen by electroplating ]