Jazz Final

BEBOP (MOST TESTED SECTION)

Charlie Parker

• Alto sax

• Bebop pioneer

• Played with Dizzy Gillespie

Dizzy Gillespie

• Trumpet

• Bebop co-founder

• Afro-Cuban influence; worked with Chano Pozo

Bud Powell

• Piano

• Key bebop pianist (“right-hand bebop language”)

Thelonious Monk

• Piano

• Bebop composer; “‘Round Midnight”

Kenny Clarke

• Drums

• Invented modern jazz drumming (ride cymbal time)

Sarah Vaughan

• Voice

• Bebop-influenced vocalist

⭐ COOL JAZZ / HARD BOP

Miles Davis (early)

• Trumpet

• Birth of the Cool = cool jazz milestone

Gil Evans

• Arranger

• Birth of the Cool orchestrator

Sonny Rollins

• Tenor sax

• Hard bop; motivic improvisation

Horace Silver

• Piano

• Funky, gospel-influenced hard bop

Clifford Brown

• Trumpet

• Hard bop star; died young

Max Roach

• Drums

• Clifford Brown partner; hard bop pioneer

Art Blakey

• Drums

• Hard bop bandleader

• Jazz Messengers

⭐ MILES DAVIS + COLTRANE

Miles Davis (1950s–60s)

• Trumpet

• First Great Quintet leader

• Kind of Blue (modal jazz)

• Bitches Brew (fusion)

John Coltrane

• Tenor sax

• Played with Miles

• “Giant Steps”

• Classic Quartet leader

Red Garland

• Piano

• Miles’s 1950s group

Paul Chambers

• Bass

• First Great Quintet

“Philly” Joe Jones

• Drums

• Miles’s drummer

Cannonball Adderley

• Alto sax

• With Miles on Kind of Blue

Bill Evans

• Piano

• Bill Evans Trio (LaFaro, Motian)

• Played on Kind of Blue

McCoy Tyner / Elvin Jones / Jimmy Garrison

• Coltrane Classic Quartet

• Piano / Drums / Bass

⭐ FUSION (He said this WILL appear)

Miles Davis — Bitches Brew

• First major fusion album

Wayne Shorter

• Tenor/soprano sax

• Played with Miles

• Co-founded Weather Report

Joe Zawinul

• Keyboardist

• Weather Report co-leader

Weather Report

• Fusion band (Shorter + Zawinul)

Herbie Hancock

• Piano/keys

• Fusion pioneer

• Head Hunters

Jaco Pastorius

• Bassist (Weather Report)

• NOT bebop → used in “all EXCEPT” questions