Intro to Ex. Rx. & Pre-participation Evaluation

  • Physical activity (PA): movement produced by muscles, increasing caloric expenditure

  • Exercise: PA that is planned/ structured/ repetitive for the purpose of improving fitness

  • Physical fitness: attributes that relate to one’s ability to perform PA in daily living

  • Exercise Rx.: individually tailored ex. program to help improve fitness while minimizing risk

    • “dose response”

      • some activity is better than none, more is better than less, until it isn’t

  • American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recommends moderate PA for 30min 5 days a week, or vigorous PA 20min ___ days a week

  • Muscle strengthening 2+ days/week

  • Health benefits start immediately following exercise

Obesity Trends

  • 30% of adults are inactive

  • ~50% meet aerobic PA guidelines

  • ~30% meet strength guidelines

  • ~20% meet both strength & aerobic guidelines

Stages of Behavior Change

  1. Pre-contemplation

  2. Contemplation

  3. Preparation

  4. Action

  5. Maintenance

  6. Termination

Exercise Recommendations should be both feasible an effaceable, with client’s goals in mind

  • Process of ex. rx.

    • assess health & learn abt. individual

    • interpret info

    • formulate ex. rx. based on info & goals

    • optimal ex. rx. addresses cardio, muscular strength & endurance, flexibility, body comp, and balance

Pre-participation Evaluation

What Are We Looking For?

  1. Individual’s current level of PA (active = rule of 3s)

    1. exercise 3 month

    2. at least 3x week

    3. at least 3 min

  2. Presence of known CV, metabolic, or renal diseases, or signs/symptoms of disease

  3. Desired exercise intensity

Known Disease

  • CV disease

    • cardiac disease

    • peripheral vascular disease

    • cerebrovascular disease

  • Metabolic disease

    • diabetes (I or II)

  • Renal disease

    • kidney disease

Signs/Symptoms of Diseases (ACSM Pg 36)

  • pain/discomfort in chest/neck/jaw/arms that may result from ischemia (lack of O²)

  • Shortness of breath (at rest or mild activity)

  • Dizziness/ loss of consciousness

  • Shortness of breath while laying down thats relieved by sitting/standing up

  • Shortness of breath 2-5hrs after onset of sleep relieved by sitting/standing up

  • Ankle edema, evident at night

  • Palpitations or tachycardia (resting HR >130BPM)

  • Intermittent claudication (pain in muscles with inadequate O², stressed by activity)

  • Known heart murmur

Risk factors

  • Age

    • male >45

    • female >55

  • Family history of MI, sudden death w/in 1º relative,

    • male <55

    • Female<65

  • Smoking

    • current or quit w/in last 6mo

    • 2nd hand

  • Physical Inactivity < 75-150min/wk

  • BMI >30 or waist girth > 40in (male) or > 35in (female)

  • Systolic BP > 130 and/or diastolic BP >80