Decolonization Lecture

Bandung Conference

Held in Indonesia that began 3rd world movement among independent countries

The beginning of the non-aligned movement

Changing world; response to the tensions of the cold war

1955

Develop economic and social cooperation among all independent states

Helped create a collective block of participants that protected each other from superpowers

Decolonization

Dismantling of formal political and economic controls and open economy in colonial, non-European states

Not as many white people moving into Afro-Asia

Open competition for international influence in areas once reserved to a great/colonial power

Suez Crisis

1956

U.S feared Arab nations would see this and go to the Soviets (Cold war)

U.S puts financial pressure onto U.K to stop invasion which causes U.K to withdraw

British, French, and Israeli plan to take over the Suez Canal

Stopped by economic sanctions by the U.S

Algerian War

General China

Enlists in army and sent to Burma to fight Japanese → becomes corporal —> experiences constitutional racism and cross colonial integration

Soldiers go away and learn new things outside their colony and experience racism among various colonies and return home with combat training

Returns to Kenya and sees lack of economic opportunities and gratefulness for black soldiers

Joined a 40 group (gang) (radical political organization) —> Violence toward British to get them out → Insurgency with successful campaigns -

Jomo Kenyatta

Political activist from Kenya

Anti-colonialism among elite

Accused of leading Mau Mau Uprising (52-60)

Frantz Fanon

From French colony Martinique

Anti-colonialism among elites

Becomes chief doctor of the psychiatric hospital in Algeria treating soldiers and insurgents

Psychiatrist and political activist

Leaves colony to join free french and fight nazis

Opposed to French racism