vocab for china test

  • Budget Deficit: spending > revenue

  • Trade Imbalance/Deficit: imports > exports

  • Tariff: a tax on imported and exported goods

  • WTO (World Trade Organization): enforces international trade laws and regulates trades

  • Intellectual Property Laws: inventions, brands, and other types of intellectual property is protected

  • Nuclear arsenal: collection of nuclear weapons kept by countries 

  • Superpower: a very influential and dominant nation like US, Russia, China, etc

  • Economic refugees: people who leave their countries due to search for better economic opportunities 

  • Free trade: no fees or regulations placed on trade

  • International system: global relations containing international cooperation, laws, and regulations

  • Subsidies: money given by government to industries

  • Recalls: products withdrawn due to dangerous properties

  • Foreign aid: help in the form of money or basic necessities for areas in need by other countries 

  • Autonomy: independence and self-determination

  • Separatist: people wanting to become separate from their country

  • Prison labor: using inmates as laborers (controversial) 

  • International arms market: purchasing or selling of weapons globally

  • Reunification: rejoining previously separated countries

  • Open society: free flow of information and ideas in a society

  • Offensive weapon: weapons that attack rather than defend 

  • Coalition: alliance made up of many diverse groups for a common cause

  • International law: a set of rules for the entire globe

  • Sanctions: restrictions imposed on countries as punishment 

  • Non-interventionist: avoiding contact or intervention in other countries 

  • Dissident: avoiding official policies 

  • Canton System: restriction of trade with foreign merchants to southern city Guangzhou (known as Canton by foreigners)

  • Pan-Asianism: Asian unity, or Japan’s excuse for taking over China

  • Warlordism: rule by regional military leaders during chaotic times 

  • Imperialism: domination of a country by another

  • Dazibao: posters on walls with Chinese characters used to express opinions during Cultural Revolution

  • Proletarian: working-class in Marxism

  • Revisionist: someone who changes core ideas of a belief or ideology, enemies of Mao were those who were “changing Communist ideals” or weakening them through actions (insult)

  • Struggle meeting: a meeting to humiliate enemies during Cultural Revolution

  • One country, two systems: Hong Kong and Macau could keep separate systems after reunification

  • Dynasty: a line of rulers in the same family 

  • Dynastic cycle: rises and falls in dynasties

  • Mandate of Heaven: rulers are chosen by divine right

  • Confucianism: have good character, morals, filial piety, and maintaining order

Filial piety: respect elders and parents