english
ENG I-H Review Sheet
Examples will be provided tomorrow in class
Friday Focus: Vocab
What poetic term reflects the uninterrupted movement from one line to the next?
Answer: Enjambment
What is parallel structure?
Answer: Sometimes called parallelism, means balancing words, phrases, or ideas to make them seem equally important.
A subject is never found in a ___________________.
Answer: A dependent clause
When you address the counterargument with your own rebuttal, it is referred to as _____________________.
Answer: Refutation
When a poet uses punctuation at the end of a line of poetry, it is referred to as ____________________.
Answer: End-stopped line
Consecutive consonant sounds at the beginning of words in a line of text is ______________________________.
Answer: Alliteration
Repeated vowel sounds in a line, which can occur anywhere in the word.
Answer: Assonance
In rhetoric, diction is _________________.
Answer: When the author uses specific word choice to achieve his or her goal.
A rhetorical device that focuses on how a sentence is crafted is _________________.
Answer: Syntax
An author's attitude toward a topic is ___________________.
Answer: Tone
Added point: A tone is always an adjective.
Purposefully placing two things side-by-side in your writing is _________________________.
Answer: Juxtaposition
Example: “It was the best of times; it was the worst of times.”
Under every piece of evidence, you need to integrate _____________________.
Answer: Commentary
Example:
Evidence: Holden called Stradlater and Ackley ”phonies” but still spends a lot of time with them.
Commentary: Disparaging others is Caulfield’s way of not acknowledging his own flaws, hindering his own sense of self-worth.
A prologue is _______________________________________.
Answer: The preface or introduction to a literary work.
What are the three major emotional appeals?
Answer: Ethos, pathos, and logos.
Ethos establishes credibility through one's ethics and morals.
Terrance Hayes feels comfortable with being placed in a box, if it contains many positive characteristics.
A theme needs to be written as a complete thought.
An example of a theme: The disillusionment of one’s definition of happiness can lead to a loss of identity.
Not a theme: Identity or disillusionment.
What tone is dominant in Holden's voice?
Examples:
Blunt
Candid
Melancholy
Distressed
Dependent clauses can have a subject and verb, but they do not contain a complete thought.
Hyperbole is a figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement.
A limited-omniscient narrator can see inside one character’s mind.
Dramatic irony refers to something the reader knows, but the protagonist is unaware of.
Verbal irony refers to something a character says but means something completely different.
Tactile, Auditory and Visual are three types of imagery.
An oxymoron is a figure of speech that pairs two contradictory ideas to to add dramatic effect, humor, or irony to writing and speech.
A paradox is : a statement that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.
Words to Know on the Final Exam:
Microcosm
A small system that represents a larger one
Example: A classroom can be a microcosm of society.
Brusque
Rude or blunt in speech or behavior
Example: His brusque reply sounded mean.
Alleviate
To make something less severe or painful
Example: Medicine can alleviate pain.
Rigor
Strictness or severity; also, thoroughness
Example: The class is known for its academic rigor.
Tenacious
Very determined; doesn’t give up easily
Example: She was tenacious in finishing her project.
Wily
Clever and tricky (sometimes in a sneaky way)
Example: The wily fox escaped the trap.
Debacle
A complete failure or disaster
Example: The event was a debacle after everything went wrong.
Disillusioned
Disappointed because something isn’t as good as expected
Example: He felt disillusioned after learning the truth.
Façade
A fake appearance meant to hide the truth
Example: She put on a happy façade.
Artificial
Not natural; made by humans
Example: Artificial flowers don’t need water.
Perpetuate
To keep something going for a long time
Example: Traditions are perpetuated through generations.
Scrutinize
To examine very carefully
Example: The teacher scrutinized the test answers.
Deign
To do something you think is beneath you
Example: He wouldn’t deign to answer the question.
Prologue
An introduction at the beginning of a book or play
Example: The prologue sets up the story.
Foil
A character who contrasts with another character
Example: In many stories, a hero has a foil.
Convivial
Friendly and lively
Example: The party had a convivial atmosphere.
Affinity
A natural liking for something
Example: She has an affinity for music.
Oscillate
To move back and forth
Example: The fan oscillates side to side.
Audacious
Bold and daring
Example: It was an audacious plan.
Ingratiate
To try to gain favor by flattering
Example: He tried to ingratiate himself with the teacher.
Epicure
A person who enjoys fine food and drink
Example: He is an epicure who loves fancy meals.
Array
A large group or arrangement
Example: A wide array of choices was available.
Derogatory
Showing disrespect
Example: That comment was derogatory.
Fastidious
Very neat, careful, and picky
Example: She is fastidious about her work.
Indictment
A formal accusation of a crime
Example: The indictment was announced in court.
Veneer
A thin outer layer that hides the truth
Example: His confidence was just a veneer.
Pervasive
Spread throughout; everywhere
Example: Technology is pervasive in our lives