Global Media Culture, Demography, and Migration

Global Media Culture

  • the transmission of ideas, meaning, and characteristics of a group through media.

  • Global

    • relating to or embracing the whole of something or a group of things.

  • Media

    • main means of mass communication

    • outlets and tools used to restore and deliver information or data.

  • Culture

    • the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group

    • encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts.

Pitfalls /Downfalls of Global Media Culture

  • Fake news

    • prevalent downfall

    • risk of inaccurate reporting

    • may be a platform for identity theft and loss of privacy.

  • Dr. Stig Hjavard

    • global media culture represents a cultural otherness, at times a threat to cultural tradition and autonomy.

  • Local cultures

    • globalization can contribute to the development of local cultures and bring them into contact with global modernity.

  • Skyline University

    • cultures are core values that cannot disappear because of globalization.

  • Globalization as a system

    • helps us learn and explore different societies

    • remoter cultures can be affected.

  • Globalization has both negative and positive impacts on cultural identity.

  • Side effects:

    • spread of multinational corporations

    • consumerism

    • culture partly operating as business

    • product and value standardization concerns.

Standardization and Information Technology

  • Standardization

    • making something conform to a standard

    • involves consensus among firms, users, standard organizations, governments, etc.

  • Information technology

    • study of using systems and telecommunications for storing, retrieving, and sending information

    • applicable to business and enterprise.

  • Purpose of standards

    • ensure quality, consistency, compatibility, inter-operability, and safety.

  • Modern context

    • rapid variation in cell-phone features increases value and cost.

Cultural Imperialism

  • a process where one country dominates other countries’ media consumption and their values/ideologies.

  • Examples:

    1. Disproportionate USA television programs and films shown worldwide

    2. Western lifestyles imposed via media.

  • Hollywood as a case

    • media power used to influence cultures

    • some developed countries protect their own film industries.

  • Global power

    - the United States’ influence is seen as both beneficial by some and a threat by others.

Cultural Hybridization

  • Popular names like

    1. Brandon Vera

    2. Apple de App

    3. Rev. Fr. Leo Patalinghug

    4. Catriona Gray

  • Globalization link:

    • spread of Western ideas and culture; not simply two cultures mixing but multiple cultures blending.

  • Creolization

    • forms of culture without clear historical roots

    • arising from global interconnections.

  • Applications: creolization in food, architecture, music, language.

  • Everyday globalization

    1. American brands and fast food widespread

    2. exchange of languages and phrases (e.g., OK)

    3. cross-cultural adaptation in Europe and the US.

Global Demography

  • coined by John Graunt

  • study of population globally, focusing on age, race, sex, fertility, mortality, migration, social mobility.

  • Core processes

    • fertility, mortality, marriage, migration, social mobility.

  • Scope

    • size, structure, distribution; changes over time due to birth, aging, disease.

  • Historical upheavals noted

    • Black Plague (15th century Europe)

  • Potato Blight in Ireland

    Nine (9) Important Terms to Remember

    1. DEPENDENCY RATIO- the number of people who are too young or too old to enterthe workforce. Often dependent on the working forces

    2. MORTALITY DECLINE- countries suffer small growth rate, caused by cleanliness,hygienic surrounding, consciousness.population control, balanced food and health

    3. POPULATION EXPLOSION- the result of improved nutrition, public healthinfrastructure and medical care.

    4. WORKING AGE if these people are huge numbered in a country, savings per capitawill be bigger

    5. LIFE EXPECTANCY- the average period that a person may expect to live.

    6. BIRTH RATE- the total number of live births per 1000 of population in a year.

    7. DEATH RATE- the total number of deaths per 1000 of population in a year.

    8. FERTILITY RATE- the number of offspring both per mating pair, individual, orpopulation.

    9. MORBIDITY- condition of being diseased. Amount of disease within a population.

Demographic Transition Model

  • A model describing population change over time; associated with Warren Thompson (1929).

  • Concept: an idealized, composite picture of population change in industrialized countries.

  • Model outcome: population growth follows a predictable five-stage pattern.

Five Stages of Demographic Transition Model

  • Stage 1: Pre-industrial / High Stationary — both birth and death rates high; slow growth; poor sanitation and disease contribute to high mortality; limited food supply.

  • Stage 2: Early Expanding — death rates fall due to better food, sanitation, and health; population grows rapidly; examples include Sri Lanka and Peru.

  • Stage 3: Late Expanding — birth rates begin to fall due to contraception, urbanization, increased education, and rising status of women; growth slows.

  • Stage 4: Low Stationary — both birth and death rates are low; aging population; limited growth.

  • Stage 5: Declining (speculative) — fertility falls below replacement; potential stabilization; examples include Italy and Japan.

Topic 1 - 244 Million International Migrants

  • Global migrants: 244,000,000244{,}000{,}000? (use 244 million) 3.3% of world population: 3.3%3.3\%.

  • Top origin/destination figures (immigrant populations in leading countries):

    • United States: 46,627,10246{,}627{,}102

    • Germany: 12,005,69012{,}005{,}690

    • Russia: 11,643,27611{,}643{,}276

    • Saudi Arabia: 10,185,94510{,}185{,}945

    • United Kingdom: 8,543,1208{,}543{,}120

  • Papal reference: Pope Francis on immigration and border policies, calling for humane solutions.

Topic 2 - Global Migration defined

  • Global migration: movement of a person or group to settle in another place, often across political/administrative boundaries.

  • Nature of migration: temporary or permanent; voluntary or forced.

  • Influencing factors: national immigration laws and safety of the route.

  • Examples of dangerous routes: crossing the Mediterranean; Sahara trek; variability in transport modes.

  • Five drivers of migration (simplified): safety, natural disaster, political conflict, education, and family considerations.

Topic 4 Internal Migration vs International Migration

  • Internal migration

    • movement within a country (cities, provinces).

  • International migration

    • movement across borders to another country.

Push-Pull Factor

  • Push factors

    • conditions that compel people to leave (distress, safety, disasters, conflict, unemployment).

  • Pull factors

    • attractions of destination (opportunity, safety, jobs, better services).

Topic 5 Does Migration Improve the Quality of Life?

  • Reported benefits: exposure to new cultures and opportunities; improved personal freedoms (religious, academic, political); better family life prospects.

  • Overall impact: often improves quality of life for migrants and their families, despite challenges.