Reading and Writing Whole Numbers

Objectives of Reading and Writing Whole Numbers

• Identify whole numbers.

• Identify and give the place value of any digit in a given whole number.

• Write a number using words or digits.

• Read and extract data from a table.

Identifying Place Values

• Concept of Place Value: The value of a digit in a whole number varies depending on its location or place within that number.

• Place Value Examples for Digit 7:

  • In $27$: The place value of $7$ is $7$ ones.

  • In $78$: The place value of $7$ is $7$ tens.

  • In $759$: The place value of $7$ is $7$ hundreds.

• Complete Place Value Breakdown for $246,981$:

  • $1$ is in the ones place.

  • $8$ is in the tens place.

  • $9$ is in the hundreds place.

  • $6$ is in the thousands place.

  • $4$ is in the ten-thousands place.

  • $2$ is in the hundred-thousands place.

Structure of Whole Numbers: Commas and Periods

• Commas Usage:

  • Commas separate groups of three digits starting from the right side of the number.

  • Commas make large numbers easier to read.

  • Exception: Commas are frequently omitted in four-digit numbers (e.g., $9748$ or $1329$).

• Period (Group) Definitions:

  • Each three-digit group separated by commas is known as a period (or group).

  • Standard period order from right to left:

  • Ones Period: Ones, tens, hundreds

  • Thousands Period: Thousands, ten-thousands, hundred-thousands

  • Millions Period: Millions, ten-millions, hundred-millions

  • Billions Period: Billions, ten-billions, hundred-billions

  • Trillions Period: Trillions, ten-trillions, hundred-trillions

• Period Identification Example for $7,123,654,893$:

  • $893$ is in the ones period.

  • $654$ is in the thousands period.

  • $123$ is in the millions period.

  • $7$ is in the billions period.

Rules for Writing Whole Numbers in Words

• Procedure:

  • Begin at the far left when writing or speaking a whole number.

  • Write or say the digit names in each period followed by the name of that period.

  • Exception: The period name "ones" is never written or spoken.

• Examples of Two-Digit and Three-Digit Numbers:

  • $63$: Means $6$ tens and $3$ ones (or $60$ ones and $3$ ones). Written as sixty-three.

  • $81$: Written as eighty-one.

  • $946$: Written as nine hundred forty-six.

  • $703$: Written as seven hundred three.

• Examples Using Period Names:

  • $623,829$: Written as six hundred twenty-three thousand, eight hundred twenty-nine.

  • $9217$: Written as nine thousand, two hundred seventeen.

  • $222,458,082$: Written as two hundred twenty-two million, four hundred fifty-eight thousand, eighty-two.

  • $19,000,019,000$: Written as nineteen billion, nineteen thousand.

Rules for Writing Whole Numbers in Digits

• Role of Zeros:

  • Zeros indicate that there are no values in specific place values or periods.

• Examples:

  • "five thousand, thirty-one": Written in digits as $5031$.

  • "three hundred forty-two thousand, eight hundred thirteen": Written in digits as $342,813$.

  • "four million, three hundred forty-nine": Written in digits as $4,000,349$ (Zeros indicate no thousands or hundreds of thousands).

Reading a Table

• Data Overview:

  • $2010$:

  • U.S. Population: $309\text{ million}$

  • Household Income: $\$46,326$

  • Average Yearly Income: $\$28,834$

  • $2015$:

  • U.S. Population: $325\text{ million}$

  • Household Income: $\$54,203$

  • Average Yearly Income: $\$32,294$

  • $2020^*$ (Projected):

  • U.S. Population: $341\text{ million}$

  • Household Income: $\$65,209$

  • Average Yearly Income: $\$36,169$

• Table Reading Example:

  • Target Information: Find the average yearly income in $2015$ and write the number in words.

  • Number from table: $\$32,294$

  • Written in words: Thirty-two thousand, two hundred ninety-four