Lab Exam 1 Review 25 - Tagged

Lab Exam 1 Review

Exam Information

  • Format: 25 multiple choice or matching questions

  • Content Coverage: Materials from Weeks 1-6 (Activities 1-10)

  • Administration:

    • Online using computer with Respondus

    • During scheduled lab time in the lab

    • Students must sit in their regular lab seats

    • Allowed devices: Laptop or tablet

  • Total Points: 50 points

Activity 1: Classifying Microorganisms

  • Microorganisms Size Comparisons:

    • Smallest: 3-4 mm

    • Next Smallest: ~80-200 nm

    • Encompasses 1-10 mm and ranges down to 0.01-0.1 mm

  • Organisms Classifications:

    • Prokaryotes:

    • Bacteria

    • Eukaryotes:

    • Protozoa, Fungus

  • Features of Various Microorganisms:

    • Viruses: require host cells to replicate their genomes

    • Bacteria: can be unicellular or multicellular

    • Fungi: multicellular, have a cell wall made of chitin

    • Features of cell wall materials: Peptidoglycan in bacteria, Chitin in fungi.

    • Shapes of bacteria: Coccus, Bacillus, Spirillum.

    • Motility properties of microbes: Some may have hyphae (branching) or segments, others may be motile.

Activity 2: Introduction to Microbiology

  • Streaking for Isolation:

    • Importance of knowing the procedure and rationale behind it.

  • Definition of a Colony:

    • A group of genetically identical cells derived from the same mother cell.

  • Types of Colonies:

    • Differences between fungi and bacteria identified through morphology.

Activity 3: Bacterial Cell Walls

  • Gram Stain Classifications:

    • Gram-negative bacteria:

    • Characterized by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) layer.

    • Appears red/pink upon Gram staining.

    • Gram-positive bacteria:

    • Contain lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and thick peptidoglycan layers.

    • Appears purple upon staining.

Activity 4: Spectrum of Bacterial Oxygen Requirement

  • Classification of bacteria based on oxygen requirement:

    • Obligate Aerobes: Cannot grow without O2.

    • Facultative Anaerobes: Grow better in the presence of O2, but can survive without it.

    • **Aerotolerant Ana