Rutherford vs. Bohr Atomic Models

Rutherford’s Model

Similarities

Bohr’s Model

Electrons move randomly around the nucleus

Both have a small, dense, positively charged nucleus

Electrons move in fixed orbits (energy levels)

Could not explain why electrons don’t fall into the nucleus

Both models include protons in the nucleus

Explained electron stability using energy levels

No explanation for electron energy

Both models describe the atom as mostly empty space

Introduced quantized energy levels for electrons

Only based on gold foil experiment

Both improved upon Thomson’s “plum pudding” model

Built on Rutherford’s model with new math & physics

No mention of electron energy transitions


Explained light emission via electron jumps between levels