public speaking 9/11

Overview

• Topic: Informative speeches, covering topic selection, visual aids, and delivery.

• Schedule: Meeting in computer classroom (M 303) Tuesday for speech work; presentations begin Thursday.

• Materials: Syllabus, Speaker Evaluation Form, and a double-sided outline.

• Quiz: All students should have completed the quiz.

Speech Requirements (Informative Speech)

• Duration: **3

-4 minutes** (do not exceed four minutes).

• Structure: Exactly two main points.

• Citations: Two verbal citations from outside research are required (slide-only citations do not count).

• Visual/Auditory Aids: Must include a visual aid (e.g., PowerPoint, map, video).

• Topic Guidance: Narrow broad topics to fit the time limit.

Topic Planning and Attention Getter

• An attention getter (first line after introduction) is crucial, using methods like questions, quotes, statistics, narratives, humor, recent events, startling statements, or short videos.

• Do not disclose the topic immediately; reveal your two main points at the end of the introduction.

• The introduction must lead directly to a clear statement of the two main points.

Introduction and Outline Alignment

• Introduction components: Attention getter, topic introduction, credibility statement (based on experience or research), and clear statement of two main points.

• Outline: Content on outline and evaluation form must align without additions or removals.

• Pitfalls to avoid: Overly broad topics, unclear main points, or revealing the topic too early.

Timing and Time Management

• For a 4-minute speech: Introduction ($30\text{ s}$), Conclusion ($30\text{ s}$), Main Point 1 ($1.5\text{ min}$), Main Point 2 ($1.5\text{ min}$).

• General time distribution: Introduction + Conclusion $\approx 10\text{-}15\%$ of total time; Body $\approx 80\%$ of total time.

• Practice with all elements to meet the time limit; an audience member will keep time.

Evaluation Form and Delivery Focus

• Evaluation: Covers organization (introduction, body, conclusion) and delivery (eye contact, volume, timing).

• Key delivery metrics:

  1. Eye contact: Look around the room, avoid fixating.

  2. Volume: Speak loudly enough to be heard; prompt to speak up if too low.

  3. Timing: Stay within 3

-4 minutes.

• Practice: Rehearse in front of others or in an empty classroom, including visual aids.

• Citations: Verbalize sources; on-screen citations alone are insufficient.

Citations, Sources, and Verbal Attribution

• Verbal citation includes: Author(s) or organization name, publication or website title, and year of publication.

• Example: "According to the Cleveland Clinic (2023),…"

• Credibility: Use reputable sources (e.g., CDC, Harvard); avoid Wikipedia or casual blogs for primary citation.

Practice, Attendance, and Classroom Roles

• Practice Multiple times, ideally in front of others.

• Attendance: Required on presentation days; missing without a valid reason can affect grades.

Visual Aids and Examples

• Types: PowerPoint, Prezi, pictures, maps, short video clips.

• Coordination: Integrate visual aids smoothly with speech timing.

Transitions, Organization, and Transitional Phrases

• Purpose: Help audience follow logical flow (e.g., “As stated earlier, my first main point is…”).

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

• Revealing main points too early.

• Starting with a formulaic introduction ("Hi, my name is…").

• Relying solely on slides for citations.

• Exceeding time limits.

Next Steps (Before Next Class)

• Prepare topic, attention getter, and two main points.

• Draft and practice verbal citations.

• Plan practice sessions with visuals and timing.

• Be ready to present next Thursday.