Year 9 Chemistry Spring 2026 Checklist

Year 9 Chemistry Spring 2026 Checklist

Definitions and Key Concepts

  • Acid

    • Definition: A solution with a pH of less than 7.
    • Characteristic: Contains an excess of hydrogen (H+) ions.
    • Indicator: Acids turn litmus paper red.

  • Alkali

    • Definition: A solution with a pH of more than 7.
    • Characteristic: Contains an excess of hydroxide (OH-) ions.
    • Indicator: Alkalis turn litmus paper blue.

  • Salt

    • Definition: An ionic compound produced by a neutralisation reaction.

  • Concentrated

    • Definition: A solution containing a large amount of solute dissolved in a small volume of solvent.

  • Dilute

    • Definition: A solution containing a small amount of solute dissolved in a large volume of solvent.

  • Strong Acid

    • Definition: An acidic solute that dissociates completely into ions when it dissolves in water.

  • Weak Acid

    • Definition: An acidic solute that does not dissociate completely into ions when it dissolves in water.

  • Base

    • Definition: Any substance, whether soluble or insoluble, that neutralises an acid, thereby forming only a salt and water.

  • Dissociate

    • Definition: To split up or separate into different parts.
    • Example: Acid molecules dissociate into H+ ions and negative ions when they dissolve in water.

  • Neutralise

    • Definition: The process of making a solution neither acidic nor alkaline.
    • Reaction: During neutralisation, a base reacts with an acid, forming a salt and water.

  • Precipitate

    • Definition: An insoluble product formed when solutions of two soluble reactants are mixed together.

  • Spectator Ions

    • Definition: Ions that do not change during a chemical reaction.

  • Mixture

    • Definition: A combination of two or more substances that are jumbled together but not chemically joined to each other.
    • Characteristics: The substances in many mixtures can be separated from each other.

  • Insoluble

    • Definition: A term used to describe a substance that cannot be dissolved in a specific liquid.

  • Solute

    • Definition: The substance that dissolves in a liquid to create a solution.

  • Solution

    • Definition: A homogeneous mixture formed when a substance has dissolved in a liquid.

  • Solvent

    • Definition: The liquid in which a solute dissolves to create a solution.

Additional Topics

  • CC2b Filtration and Crystallisation
    • Note: Further details and techniques related to filtration and crystallisation not provided in the transcript.