class 9: SME
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
Definition: SMEs are typical private business forms, varying by employee count and/or revenue.
Size categories influenced by legal definitions and access to financial support.
Corporate sustainability generally associated with larger firms (incorporated businesses).
Small Business Criteria
U.S.: < 500 employees, revenues up to $41.5 million.
EU: < 50 employees, revenues < €10 million.
China: Manufacturing < 300 employees, services < 100 employees.
UK: < 50 employees, < £10 million turnover.
Medium Business Criteria
U.S.: 100-999 employees, revenue up to $250 million.
EU: < 250 employees, < €50 million.
Other regions include specific employee and revenue thresholds.
Large Business Criteria
U.S.: 500+ employees, revenue typically $250 million and up.
Criteria similar across regions, with varying employee counts.
Taylor Guitars Case Study
Highlights importance of quality materials (e.g. ebony) in production.
MNC vs. SME Sustainability and Responsibility
Motivation
MNCs: External orientation driven by stakeholder demands.
SMEs: Internal orientation, emphasizing ethical leadership values.
Communication
MNCs: Explicit communication via formal reports and branding.
SMEs: Implicit communication based on personal ethics and culture.
Operations
MNCs: Transactional, formal, global impact focus.
SMEs: Relational, informal, local impact focus.
Organizing
MNCs: Formal structure and costly sustainability measures.
SMEs: Informal structure, low-cost sustainability efforts.
Stakeholder Scope
MNCs: Focus on shareholders and contractual relationships.
SMEs: Emphasis on personal relationships with local stakeholders and the community.