Untitled Flashcards Set

everything i need to know about:

1. “Age of Anxiety” or “Age of Disillusionment”

2. Versailles Treaty

3. League of Nations

4. Weimar Republic

5. French occupation of the Ruhr

6. ‘Passive resistance’

7. Hyperinflation

8. Beer Hall putsch

9. Gustav Stresemann

10. Dawes Plan (1924)

11. Treaty of Locarno (1925)

12. Kellogg-Briand pact (1928)

13. Great Depression

a. Stock market crash October 1929

b. FDR’s “New Deal”

c. G. Britain – how did they deal with unemployment?

i. They didn’t follow John Maynard Keynes’ ideas – which were?

d. France – Popular Front government

e. Scandinavian countries – democratic socialism

Totalitarianism

14. Definition?

15. Methods of control?

Fascist Italy - Benito Mussolini

16. Fascist ideology – what did they believe in?

17. March on Rome (1922)

18. Fascio di combattimento (aka…squadristi)

19. Il Duce

20. Lateran Agreement (1929)

Nazi Germany - Adolf Hitler

a. Nazism – how was Nazi ideology different from Italian fascism? How was it the same?

b. National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NAZI)

c. Mein Kampf

d. SA (Storm troops)

e. Lebensraum

f. How did the Great Depression help Hitler?

g. Reichstag fire (February 1933)

h. Enabling Act (March 1933)

i. Gleichschaltung

j. “Night of the Long Knives” (June 1934)

k. SS (Protection Squads) and Gestapo

l. Third Reich

m. Der Furher (Fuhrerprinzip)

n. Hitler Youth

o. Anti-semitism: Nuremberg laws (September 1935), Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass) –

(November 1938)

The Communist Soviet Union

21. V.I. Lenin

a. “war communism”

b. NEP - New Economic Policy

c. kulaks

22. Leon Trotsky

23. Joseph Stalin

a. “Socialism in one country”

b. Command Economy

c. Five-Year plans

i. Propaganda

ii. Example: Alexei Stakhanov

d. Collectivization of agriculture

e. ‘Liquidation’ of the Kulaks

f. Great purges

24. Authoritarian state

a. Which nation was the only one in the east that remained democratic?

Spain

25. Civil war (1936-1939)

a. General Francisco Franco

b. Which nations supported Franco?

c. Guernica (April 1937)

d. What type of leader was Franco after the civil war ended?

New forms of communication and leisure:

26. How did governments utilize the radio, movies, sports, travel?

a. Italy – Dopolavoro

b. Germany – (KDF) Kraft durch Freude

i. Leni Riefenstahl’s - Triumph of the Will

The Arts & Intellectualism between the Wars

27. How did people’s disillusionment effect art?

28. The Dada Movement, Surrealism

29. Functionalism

30. USA – Chicago School, Frank Lloyd Wright; Germany – Bauhaus, Gropius

31. What did Hitler think of modern art?

32. Soviet Union – “socialist realism”

33. Schonberg’s atonal music

34. Literature: “stream-of-consciousness” technique; J. Joyce, V. Woolf, H. Hesse

35. Psychology and science: Carl Jung, “uncertainty principle”

Mein Kampf – this laid out Hitler’s goals for Germany IN DETAIL – what were the main ideas?

2. Hitler’s aggressive actions – led to WWII

a. Withdrew Germany from League of Nations

b. Invaded/occupation of Rhineland

c. German rearmament (making of weapons, establishing an air force, military draft)

d. Austrian Anschluss

e. Annexed the Sudentenland (Munich Conference)

f. Invaded rest of Czechoslovakia and Memel

g. Invasion of Poland (Sept. 1, 1939)

3. new alliances: Rome-Berlin Axis (1936), Anti-Comintern Pact (1936), Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression pact

4. Appeasement

5. Munich Conference (1938)

6. “Polish Guarantee”

7. Japanese goals in Asia?

a. What did Japan want in China?

b. When did WWII begin in Asia?

Specifics of World War II:

8. Neville Chamberlain/Appeasement failed

9. Maginot Line (France)

10. What do these German words mean?

a. Blitzkrieg

b. Luftwaffe

c. Wermacht

11. “phony war”

12. “miracle of Dunkirk” – what happened at Dunkirk that was seen as a miracle?

13. Marshal Henri Petain – Hitler’s puppet

a. Vichy government

14. Winston Churchill

a. Battle of Britain

b. “The Blitz”

15. North African theater

a. Suez canal, Afrika Korps – Erwin Rommel, aka…’the desert fox’

b. Battle of El Alamein

c. Why is North Africa important in total war effort for allies?

16. Operation Barbarossa – invasion of Soviet Union (June 1941)

17. Grand Alliance – what nations?

18. Unconditional surrender – what does this mean?

19. Turning point battles – what does it mean; why are they significant?

a. Battle of Britain, Stalingrad, Midway, D-Day

20. Italian campaign – Why were we not able to fully defeat the Italians?

21. Dwight D. Eisenhower

22. End of war in Europe?

Resistance to Nazi’s:

23. Charles DeGaulle’s Free French movement

24. Josip Broz (Tito) in Yugoslavia

25. The White Rose movement in Germany

26. Colonel Count Claus von Stauffenberg

The Holocaust:

27. Ghettoes

28. Madagascar Plan

29. Einsatzgruppen

30. Wannsee Conference

31. Final Solution – how did they plan to carry out genocide?

32. What other groups were targeted for ‘termination’?

Japanese New World Order

33. “Asia for Asians”

34. Define these Japanese terms: Bushido, Kamikaze

35. General Hideki Tojo (Head of Military and Prime Minister)

36. Manhattan project – what was this?

a. Bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki

The Cost of Total War:

37. Civilian bombing raids – why did governments target civilians?

a. “displaced persons”

38. Nuremberg trials – who did they put on trial and what was the outcome?

39. Creation of the United Nations

Allied War Conferences:

40. The Big Three: Stalin, Roosevelt, Churchill

41. Teheran Conference (Nov. 1943)

42. Yalta Conference (Feb. 1945)

43. Potsdam Conference (July 1945) – why do many historians say the Cold War started at this conference?

44. Cold War – what does this mean?