Reproductive Plant Organs


SUPPORTING STRUCTURES OF A FLOWER:

1. Pedicel - the stem (stalk) which supports the flower this is the petiol in leaf

2. Receptacle— the enlarged, terminal portion of the pedicel to which the floral parts are attached

B. ACCESSORY PARTS OF A FLOWER

1. Sepals: Outermost floral parts which are usually green and are attached to the base of the receptacle

› Function: Protection of other floral parts

• Calyx: A collective term of all sepals of a flower

2. Petals: Colorful (sometimes aromatic) leaf-like structures found to the inside of sepals

  • Function: Attract insects which help in the pollination of flowers

  • Corolla: A collective term of all petals of a flower

• Perianth: A term used for the calyx and corolla combined, i.e. calyx + corolla = perianth

C.

ESSENTIAL PARTS OF A FLOWER

• Function: Sexual reproduction

1. Stemens- These are the male reproductive structures located to the inside of petals.

Each stamen is composed of the following:

  1. Filament - a slender, elongated structure

  2. Anther-an expanded, lobed 
    terminal structure containing pollen sacs which contain pollen grains

• Androecium -a collective term of all stamens of a flower

2. Pistil (Carpel): The flask-shaped female reproductive structure; it is composed of the following structures:

  1. Ovary —a swollen, basal (lower) portion of the carpel

  2. Style —a stalk-like structure connecting the ovary and the stigma

  3. Stigma-an expanded portion at the tip of the carpel

  • Gynoecium: Collective term of all carpels of a flower

  • Placenta: Ovarian tissue by which ovules are attached to the ovary

II. VARIATION OF FLORAL STRUCTURES:

1. Complete Flower: A flower which has sepals, petals, stamens and pistils

• e.g. lily flower

2. Incomplete Flower: A flower lacking one or more of the floral parts

• e.g. oats (no sepals and no petals), willows

3. Perfect Flower (Monoecious): A flower that carries both stamens and pistils (carpels)

• e.g. roses, lilies, oaks

4. Imperfect Flower (Dioecious): A flower which contains either stems or pistils but not both

• e.g. hemp, willows

5. Monocotyledonous (Monocot) Flower: Floral parts are in three or multiples of three

• e.g. corn, grasses

6. Dicotyledonous (Dicot) Flower: Floral parts are in twos, fours, fives, or multiples of these numbers.

• e.g., roses, oak