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Wood Framing

  - Overview of Wood Framing Types
    - Light Framing
    - Heavy Timber
    - Concrete Framing
      - Monolithic
      - Pre-Cast
    - Steel Framing
      - Framed (Bolt)
      - Welded Connections

Types of Wood Framing

Light Wood Framing

  - Generally lightweight structures where walls play a crucial role in supporting building integrity.

Balloon Frame

  - Description:
    - Lightest form of wood framing with vertical studs from the foundation (sill) to the roof plate.
    - Continuous lengths of studding and corner posts are installed.
  - Components:
    - Ribbons: Boards notched and secured into the studs.
    - Corner posts: Positioned at heights suitable for supporting second-story joists.
    - Joists: Positioned against studs whenever possible.
  - Limitations:
    - Lacks rigidity; susceptible to swaying and trembling under heavy winds.

Combination Frame

  - Description:
    - A modification of the traditional braced frame using heavy timbers with mortised and tenoned joints.
    - Incorporates lighter timbers, reducing mortising and pinning, thereby saving material and labor.
  - Features:
    - Girts: Framed into corner posts at the second story and serve to brace the entire structure.
      - Drop Girts: Girts that support the floor joists.
      - Raised/Flush Girts: Girts parallel to the joists.
    - Construction:
      - Studs extend from sill to girt and from girt to roof plate.
      - Diagonal braces run from sill to the corner posts and from corner posts to the roof plate.
  - Advantages:
    - More rigid than the balloon frame due to heavier structural supports.

Platform Frame

  - Description:
    - A structure where both ground and second-floor elements are supported by their respective platforms.

Heavy Wood Framing

Beam and Girder Framing

  - Used primarily in regions like the Philippines.
    - Description:
      - Floor joists are supported by girders.
      - Roof trusses or rafters are framed into girts connected to the posts.
    - Construction:
      - Studs rest on floor sills and extend up to the girder or girt for each floor.

Wood Posts on Concrete Piers

  - Description:
    - Wood posts are securely anchored with straps and supported by reinforced concrete piers situated on isolated footings.
  - Installation:
    - Grout is used to fill the joint, ensuring a perfect seating for the wood post on the concrete base.