HUSH Unit 8 Test
Chapter 20: The Conservative Revolution
1. Who won the 1968 presidential election?
Richard Nixon
2. What were most voters seeking in the 1968 election?
stability
3. What is one reason Nixon selected Spiro T. Agnew as his running mate in the election of 1968?
to help him win votes from moderates and conservatives
4. What did President Nixon do to support his New Federalism?
He signed legislation to shift some authority for social programs from the federal government to the states.
5. Nixon’s efforts in which area helped ensure his re-election in 1972?
environmental protection
6. Which word means “an easing of tensions between countries”?
détente
7. What is one thing that contributed to Nixon's successful talks with the Soviet Union?
achieving a closer relationship with China
8. What movement did Rachel Carson help to create with her book Silent Spring?
the environmental movement
9. What is OPEC?
a group of countries that sets petroleum prices and policies
10. What is DDT?
a pesticide
11. What triggered the Watergate scandal?
Republican operatives broke into the Democratic National Headquarters.
12. What was one result of the Watergate scandal?
Richard Nixon resigned from the presidency.
13. During the Watergate scandal, when did the White House first turn over some of the tapes as requested by Archibald Cox, the special prosecutor?
when the House Judiciary Committee began to consider Nixon's impeachment
14. Who defeated Gerald Ford in the 1976 presidential election?
Jimmy Carter
15. The Camp David Accords improved the relationship between which two countries?
Egypt and Israel
16. Where were Americans taken hostage in 1979?
Iran
17. Which phrase best describes those who participated in the Sagebrush Rebellion?
businesspeople who wanted easier access to federally protected land so that they could use it for profit
18. What caused President Ford’s approval rating to plummet in 1974?
his pardon of Richard Nixon
19. What purpose did the Helsinki Accords serve for the 35 nations that signed it?
It outlined ways in which the nations could work cooperatively, even in conflict.
20. Which department did President Carter establish?
the Department of Energy
21. How did Americans’ confidence in President Carter change after his “malaise” speech?
It rose, then fell.
22. Why did President Carter withdraw the SALT II treaty from consideration?
Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan.
23. What had a negative effect on President Carter's push for Americans to use alternative energy in 1979?
a potential leak at a nuclear plant
24. What led to the Iranian hostage crisis?
America's intervention in Iran's government to serve its own interests
25. What did Iranian militants demand in exchange for releasing their American hostages?
that the United States return the shah for trial
Chapter 21: The Conservative Revolution
26.What do conservatives believe should get a large share of the federal budget?
workers’ wages
27. How did migration from the Frostbelt to the Sunbelt contribute to the rise of conservatism?
An increasing population gave the Sunbelt more Congresspeople and electoral votes.
28. Why did 13,000 air traffic controllers strike in 1981?
to get higher wages and improved safety procedures
29. What did Reagan’s critics mean when they said he increased income inequality?
The gap between the richest and poorest Americans had grown.
30. Why was Reagan’s alliance with the government of South Africa controversial?
The South African government maintained a system of apartheid.
31. Which innovation is credited with transforming the personal computer from a novelty to a common household device?
graphical user interface systems
32. What did A Nation at Risk describe?
problems with public schools
33. What did Gorbachev’s perestroika policy do?
It allowed churches and journalists a little more freedom than they had had for decades.
34. What was the reason behind the famous Tiananmen Square protest?
Students were callling on the government to enact democratic reforms.
35. What were the pillars of George H.W. Bush’s New World Order?
the rule of law, multinational cooperation, and collective security through the United Nations
36. What did the activists fighting for the Americans with Disabilities Act have in common with the activists who had fought for their civil rights in the 1960s and 1970s?
They used some of the same strategies.
37. Which of the following did Jerry Falwell and his followers promote?
a traditional family
38. Which phrase best describes Reagan's supply-side economics?
decreasing taxes on individuals and businesses
39. What is the foundation of originalism?
the U.S. Constitution
40. Why was the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait an international concern?
Saudi Arabia, a producer of oil, was likely the next target.
41. What turned out to be the most important issue to voters in the 1980 presidential election?
the hostage crisis
42. Why was the Iran-Contra scandal a scandal?
The Reagan administration sold weapons to Iran, a supporter of terrorism.
43. What has been a key problem in conflicts between Persian Gulf countries?
control of valuable oil resources
44. What effect did the nuclear freeze movement have on government policy?
the signing of the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act
45. What is the Rustbelt?
the section within a given northern city where factory equipment rusted from disuse
46. What was one of Reagan’s jobs before he became president?
actor
47. Who is Sandra Day O’Connor?
the first woman justice on the Supreme Court
48. What was the Strategic Defense Initiative?
Reagan’s plan to weaponize space to protect against Soviet missiles
49. Where did the Internet begin?
in Silicon Valley
50. What did the end of the Soviet Union lead to?
independence for its former republics
51. What country elected Nelson Mandela as president?
South Africa
52. What was the coalition effort called that protected Kuwait when Iraq invaded it?
Operation Desert Storm
Chapter 22: America in the Global Society
53. What legislation came about because of the Contract with America?
Family and Medical Leave Act
54. What effect do some people believe the Green Party candidate Ralph Nader had on the 2000 presidential election?
Nader took votes that would have gone to Gore, costing him the election.
55. Bill and Hilary Clinton were Involved in a failed Arkansas real estate development called
Whitewater
56. Which charge did President Clinton face during impeachment?
perjury
57. Ratified by the U.S. in 1993 over concern of economic competition; provided low tariffs and other trade barriers among Canada, Mexico, and the United States.
North American Free Trade Agreement
58. In what state was the 2000 presidential election decided by their electoral college votes?
Florida
59. At what point during the September 11, 2001, attacks did the FAA halt all takeoffs from U.S. airports?
after the second plane hit the second tower
60. The prime suspect of the terrorist attacks on 9/11 that surfaced immediately was
Osama bin Laden