English 

denotation - the official dictionary definition of a word

2. connotation - meaning we attach to a word apart from its dictionary definition
3. annotation - providing explanatory notes for a work
4. text - the structure of words or wording in a work
5. subtext - underlying meaning in a work
6. context - the parts of a sentence or paragraph surrounding a word or phrase from which it takes its meaning
7. vernacular - the commonly spoken form of a country's native language
8. idiom - a word or phrase which has a different meaning from its literal translation
9. thesis - the controlling idea of a paper

epiphany - a sudden revelation, a flash of insight