U6 Concept Review-Systems
Key Ideas
Solving Systems of Equations Graphically
Linear-Quadratic Equations:
Isolate y in each equation.
Graph the line and parabola on the same grid.
Solutions are points of intersection (x, y).
Verify solutions in original equations.
Three possibilities for intersections and solutions.
Quadratic-Quadratic Equations:
Isolate y for both parabolas.
Graph both parabolas.
Solutions are points of intersection (x, y).
Verify solutions in original equations.
Infinite solutions if one quadratic is a multiple of another.
Solving Systems Algebraically
Methods:
Substitution: Solve one equation for one variable, then substitute it into the other equation.
Elimination: Align terms, eliminate one variable, and solve for the other.
Example Problems
Linear-Quadratic Example
Given:
y = x² + x
x - y = -3
Use elimination method:
Align and manipulate equations.
Resulting equation: 0 = x² + 2x - 3.
Factor: (x + 3)(x - 1) = 0
Solutions: x = -3 or x = 1.
Substitute back to find y:
For x = -3: y = 0 (Solution: (-3, 0))
For x = 1: y = 4 (Solution: (1, 4)).
Quadratic-Quadratic Example
Given:
y = 2x² - 2x + 3
y = x² + 5x - 7
Substitution or elimination:
Resulting equation: x² - 7x + 10 = 0 => (x - 5)(x - 2) = 0.
Solutions: x = 5 or x = 2.
Substitute back to find y:
For x = 5: y = 43
For x = 2: y = 7.
Solutions: (5, 43) and (2, 7).
Further Quadratic Example
Given:
6x² - x - y = -1
4x² - 4x - y = -6
Use elimination:
Resulting equation: 2x² + 3x = 5.
Solve for x, get x = -5 or x = 1, find y for both.
Solutions: (1, 6) and (5, 41).
Vocabulary
System of Linear-Quadratic Equations: A linear equation and a quadratic equation in the same variables (line and parabola).
System of Quadratic-Quadratic Equations: Two quadratic equations in the same variables (two parabolas).
Solution: Points (x, y) satisfying all equations; intersections of graph.
Method of Substitution: Solve one equation for a variable, substitute into the other.
Method of Elimination: Add/subtract equations to eliminate a variable.
Common Errors
Isolating a Variable: Errors with signs.
Subtraction Mistakes: Only subtracting first term.
Not Checking Solutions: Failing to verify solutions in original equations.