Untitled Flashcard Set

Combining Forms

  • Hepat/o: Relating to the liver.

  • Lingu/o: Relating to the tongue.

  • Lapar/o: Relating to the abdominal wall.

  • Pharyng/o: Relating to the pharynx (throat).

  • Lith/o: Relating to stones or calculi.

  • Enter/o: Relating to the intestines.

  • Salping/o: Relating to the fallopian tubes.

  • Hyster/o: Relating to the uterus.

  • Odont/o: Relating to teeth.

  • Cholecyst/o: Relating to the gallbladder.

  • Nephr/o: Relating to the kidneys.

  • Noct/o: Relating to night.

  • Olig/o: Relating to few or less than normal.

  • Or/o: Relating to the mouth.

Suffixes

  • -gravida: Referring to pregnancy (e.g., primigravida refers to a woman who is pregnant for the first time).

  • -genesis: Indicating the origin or formation of something.

  • -stomy: Referring to the creation of an opening (e.g., colostomy).

  • -pepsia: Relating to digestion.

  • -orexia: Relating to appetite.

  • -plasty: Referring to surgical repair or reconstruction.

Breaking Down Terms

  • Dysphagia: Difficulty swallowing.

  • Lithotripsy: A medical procedure to break up stones, often in the kidneys or gallbladder.

  • Cystoscopy: A procedure to examine the bladder using a scope.

  • Ureteroplasty: Surgical repair of the ureter.

  • Gynecology: The study of the female reproductive system and its disorders.

  • Amniocentesis: A procedure to obtain amniotic fluid for testing.

  • Varicocele: Enlarged veins within the scrotum.

  • Epigastric: Referring to the upper central region of the abdomen.

  • Polycystic: Characterized by the presence of multiple cysts.

Building Up Terms

  • Blood in the urine: Hematuria.

  • BPH: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, a condition where the prostate gland is enlarged, leading to urinary problems.

  • PID: Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, an infection that affects the female reproductive organs.

  • Inflammation of the pancreas: Pancreatitis.

  • Vomiting blood: Hematemesis.

  • Sugar in the urine: Glucosuria.

  • ESRD: End-Stage Renal Disease, the last stage of chronic kidney disease where kidneys can no longer function.

  • Pus in the urine: Pyuria.

Hormones

  • Erythropoietin: A hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells.

  • Testosterone: A hormone that plays a key role in male reproductive tissues as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics.

  • Estrogen: A hormone important for the regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics.

Organs/Structures

  • Ureters: Tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

  • Placenta: An organ that develops during pregnancy to provide oxygen and nutrients to the fetus and remove waste products.

  • Fallopian tubes: Tubes that transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus.

  • Prostate gland: A gland that produces seminal fluid to nourish and transport sperm.

  • Vas deferens: The duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.

  • Parts of the small intestine: Duodenum, jejunum, ileum.

  • Urinary bladder: The organ that stores urine.

  • Urethra: The tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body.

  • Gallbladder: The organ that stores bile produced by the liver.

  • Jejunum: The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum.

  • Pancreas: An organ that produces digestive enzymes and hormones such as insulin.

  • Colon: The part of the large intestine that absorbs water and salt from the material that has not been digested.

Vocabulary

  • Gestation: The period of development from conception to birth.

  • Fibroids: Noncancerous growths of the uterus.

  • Ectopic pregnancy: A pregnancy that occurs outside the uterus, often in a fallopian tube.

  • Formation of identical twins: Results from the splitting of a single fertilized egg.

  • Formation of fraternal twins: Results from the fertilization of two separate eggs.

  • Vasectomy: A surgical procedure for male sterilization or permanent contraception.

  • Fertilization: The process by which a sperm cell joins with an egg cell.

  • Obstetrics: The field of medicine that focuses on pregnancy and childbirth.

  • Catheterization: The process of inserting a catheter into the body.

  • NPO: A medical instruction meaning "nothing by mouth," often prior to surgery.

  • Fistula: An abnormal connection between two body parts.

  • Bariatric surgery: Surgery to aid in weight loss by making changes to the digestive system.

  • Cause of jaundice: Often due to liver dysfunction, leading to a buildup of bilirubin in the blood.

  • Abruptio placenta: A serious pregnancy complication where the placental lining separates from the uterus.

  • Dilation and curettage (D&C): A surgical procedure to remove tissue from the inside of the uterus.

  • Crohn’s Disease: A type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract.

  • Cirrhosis: Scarring of the liver due to long-term liver damage.

  • Azotemia: A medical condition characterized by high levels of nitrogen-containing compounds in the blood.

  • Dialysis: A procedure to remove waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys are not functioning.

  • Celiac disease: An autoimmune disorder where ingestion of gluten leads to damage in the small intestine.

  • Oophoroma: A tumor of the ovary.

Pharmacology

Information not provided in the note but generally pertains to the study of drugs and their effects on the body.