CPR Practice Quesions
What is the primary goal of first aid?
To preserve life, prevent the condition from worsening, and promote recovery.
What does DRSABCD stand for?
Danger, Response, Send for help, Airway, Breathing, CPR, Defibrillation.
When should you stop giving first aid?
When the danger increases, you are physically unable, help arrives, or the casualty recovers.
What number do you call for emergency services in Australia?
000
Why is checking for danger the first step?
To protect yourself and others from harm.
What are two signs someone is unresponsive?
Not responding to voice/touch, limp body, no movement.
What does “consent” mean in a first aid situation?
Permission to help or treat someone.
When might you give implied consent?
When the person is unconscious or unable to give consent.
Why is it important to maintain personal safety before helping?
So you don’t become a casualty yourself.
Name two items you should wear to protect yourself while giving first aid.
Glove, face shield/mask.
What does CPR stand for?
Cardiopulmonary Response.
How long do you check for breathing?
Up to 10 seconds.
List two signs of normal breathing.
Chest rising and falling, normal breaths, responsive movement.
What is the ratio of compressions to breaths in CPR?
30 compressions: 2 breaths.
How fast should chest compressions be?
About 120 compressions per minute.
Where should you place your hands for chest compressions?
Centre of the chest, lower half of the sternum.
When should you use an AED?
As soon as it is available.
Where are AED pads placed on an adult?
One on the upper right chest, one on the lower left chest.
What does AED stand for?
Automated External Defibrillator.
If the casualty starts breathing normally, what position do you place them in?
Recovery position.
Should you stop CPR if the person makes gasping/agonal breaths?
No - agonal gasps are not normal breathing.
What is the first thing you tell someone who is choking but still coughing?
Encourage them to keep coughing.
Where do you aim your 5 back blows?
Between the shoulder blades.
What do you do if back blows don’t work?
5 chest thrusts after 5 back blows.
What might be a sign of a complete airway obstruction?
Inability to cough, breathe, or speak: clutching throat.
Why should you call 000 early in a choking incident?
Because an airway block can worsen quickly.
What is the first step in managing bleeding?
Apply pressure to the wound.
Why do we apply pressure to the wound?
It helps to stop or slow the bleeding.
What should you do if blood soaks through a pad or bandage?
Add another pad and keep applying pressure (don’t remove the old one)
What is the difference between a cut and a graze?
Cut = deeper skin break; graze = scraped surface layer.
When should you consider a tourniquet?
For sever life threatening bleeding when direct pressure fails.
Why should you not remove an embedded object?
Removing it can worsen bleeding; stabilise it instead.
What is the correct first aid for burns?
Cool the burn under cool running water.
How long should you cool a burn for?
20 minutes.
Why should you not use ice?
Ice can damage tissue and worsen the burn.
Name one sign of a severe burn.
Large area, deep burn, blisters, white/charred skin.
Why shouldn’t you peel clothing stuck to a burn?
It may tear skin and cause more damage.
What is the difference between a closed and an open fracture?
Closed = skin intact; Open = bone pierces through skin.
Name two signs of a fracture.
Pain, swelling, deformity, and inability to use the limb.
What does RICER stand for (sprains/strains)?
Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation, Referral.
Why should you immobilise the injured area?
To prevent further injury or pain.
Why is ice used for soft-tissue injuries?
Reduces swelling and pain.
Name two symptoms of an asthma attack.
Wheezing, coughing, difficulty breathing, and a tight chest.
What medication is used for asthma first aid?
Blue/grey reliever inhaler (Ventolin/salbutamol).
What is the 4×4×4 asthma method?
4 puffs → wait 4 minutes → if not better, repeat 4 puffs.
When should you call 000 for asthma?
If breathing is getting worse or not improving after the 4×4×4 steps.
Why is reassurance important during an asthma attack?
Anxiety can worsen symptoms; staying calm helps breathing.
What is anaphylaxis?
A severe, life-threatening allergic reaction.
Name two symptoms of anaphylaxis.
Swelling of face/lips, breathing difficulty, hives, and collapse.
What device is used as first aid for anaphylaxis?
Adrenaline auto injector (EpiPen).
Where do you inject an EpiPen?
Outer mid thigh.
How long do you hold an EpiPen in place?
Hold for 3 seconds (modern EpiPens).
When do you give a second EpiPen?
After 5 minutes, if symptoms are not improving.
What is the FIRST AID for a snake bite in Australia?
Pressure immobilisation bandage + keep them still + call 000.
Why don’t you wash a snake bite?
Venom traces help identify the snake; washing removes evidence.
What type of bandage technique is used for a snake bite?
Pressure immobilisation technique (tight bandage + splint)
What are two signs of a serious allergic reaction to an insect sting?
Breathing difficulty, swelling away from the bite, widespread hives.
What is shock (in first aid terms)?
When the body’s organs don’t get enough blood/oxygen.
Name two signs of shock.
Pale skin, cold/clammy skin, rapid breathing, dizziness.
What position should you place a person in shock?
Shock position - Lay them down, elevate legs if no injury, it prevents it.
Why must you keep the warm?
Prevents further heat loss and deterioration.
You arrive, and a friend is lying on the ground, not responding. What are your first three steps?
Check danger → check response → send for help (000)
A student falls, and their ankle is swollen and painful. What do you do?
RICER (Rest Ice Compression Elevate Refer)
Someone has a deep cut to their arm, and blood is flowing heavily. What do you do?
Apply pressure → apply bandage → call for help if severe
A friend with asthma is struggling to speak in full sentences. What steps do you take?
Follow 4×4×4 method → reassure → call 000 if not improving.
You notice a bee sting, and the person is developing hives all over their body. What should you do?
Give EpiPen → call 000 → lie them flat → monitor.
Someone is choking and cannot cough or breathe. What do you do?
5 Back blows → 5 chest thrusts → call 000
A classmate burns their hand on a hot pan in food tech. What are your steps?
Cool running water for 20 minutes → remove jewelry → cover loosely.