Cancer presentation(1)

Cancer Overview

Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell division. Abnormal cells can invade nearby tissues.

Types of Cancers

  • Skin Cancer: Abnormal growth of skin cells, often due to sun exposure.

  • Lung Cancer: Begins in the lungs and can spread to lymph nodes and other organs like the brain.

  • Breast Cancer: Uncontrolled growth of breast cells; varies based on which breast cells become cancerous.

  • Cervical Cancer: Occurs in cells of the cervix; related to certain strains of HPV.

  • Ovarian Cancer: Cancer in ovarian tissues; includes epithelial cancers and germ cell tumors.

  • Prostate Cancer: Uncontrolled growth of cells in the prostate gland; affects the male reproductive system.

Symptoms

Skin Cancer

  • Large brownish spot with darker speckles.

  • A mole that changes in color or size, or bleeds.

  • Irregularly bordered lesion with various colors.

  • Painful, itchy, or burning lesions.

Lung Cancer

  • Persistent cough lasting more than 2-3 weeks.

  • Recurring chest infections.

  • Coughing up blood.

  • Chest pain during breathing or coughing.

  • Unexplained fatigue.

Breast Cancer

  • Lump in breast or underarm.

  • Thickening or swelling of breast.

  • Changes in breast's skin appearance.

  • Nipple discharge not including breast milk.

Cervical Cancer

  • Unusual bleeding between periods.

  • Longer, heavier menstrual periods.

  • Bleeding post-intercourse.

  • Increased vaginal discharge and pelvic pain.

Ovarian Cancer

  • Abdominal bloating.

  • Rapidly feeling full when eating.

  • Changes in bowel habits.

Prostate Cancer

  • Trouble starting urination.

  • Weak urine flow.

  • Frequent urination, especially at night.

  • Blood in urine or semen.

Prevention

Skin Cancer

  • Seek shade, especially during peak sun hours.

  • Avoid tanning beds and sunburns.

  • Wear UV-protective clothing and accessories.

Lung Cancer

  • Do not smoke and avoid secondhand smoke.

  • Test for radon in the home.

  • Eat a healthy diet with fruits and vegetables.

Breast Cancer

  • Maintain a healthy diet and drink alcohol in moderation.

Cervical Cancer

  • Regular screenings (Pap tests and HPV tests).

  • HPV vaccination.

Ovarian Cancer

  • Nutritious diet, regular exercise, and maintaining a healthy weight.

  • Consider oral contraceptives, and pregnancy/breastfeeding.

Prostate Cancer

  • Reduce fat intake and eat more fruits and vegetables.

  • Incorporate green tea and avoid charred meat.