Rocks and Natural Resources Study Notes
Types of Rocks
Igneous Rocks: Formed from cooled molten rock (magma or lava). Examples include basalt and granite.
- Basalt: Cools quickly when lava reaches the surface, resulting in small crystals.
- Granite: Cools slowly underground, resulting in larger crystals.
Sedimentary Rocks: Formed from compressed remains of plants, animals, or other rock materials.
- Example of Sedimentary Rock: Limestone.
- Formation of Limestone: Composed mainly of calcium carbonate, limestone forms in shallow marine environments where shells and corals accumulate.
Metamorphic Rocks: Formed from igneous or sedimentary rocks that have been changed by heat and/or pressure.
- Example of Metamorphic Rock: Marble (formed from limestone).
Rock Categorization Table
| Rock Type | Category |
|---|---|
| Limestone | Sedimentary |
| Marble | Metamorphic |
| Basalt | Igneous |
Rock Locations in Ireland
- Limestone: Found in the Burren region.
- Marble: Found in County Kerry.
- Basalt: Characteristic of the Giant's Causeway.
Exploitation of Rocks
- Exploitation Example: Quarrying in County Wicklow, where limestone is extracted.
- Economic Impact: Provides jobs and boosts local economy.
- Environmental Impact: Disrupts local ecosystems and contributes to landscape changes.
Rock Types in Co. Mayo
- A: Granite can be found, indicating the igneous rock type.
- B: The sedimentary rock present is Shale.
Renewable Energy in Ireland
- Renewable Energy Goal: 70% of energy should be renewable by 2030.
- Current Dependence on Fossil Fuels: 86% reliance on fossil fuels.
- Examples of Fossil Fuels: Coal and Peat.
Differences Between Types of Energy
- Renewable Energy: Energy that is replenished naturally (e.g., solar, wind).
- Non-renewable Energy: Energy from sources that will run out or cannot be replenished (e.g., fossil fuels).