DEP 2000 ch1

Childhood and Adolescence

Percentage of Life

  • Approximately 50% of life is spent in childhood and adolescence.

Impact of Technology on Development

  • Innovation in Medical Devices and Medicine:

    • Technology plays a significant role in childhood development and well-being.

Influence of Environment on Development

Family Influence

  • The statement "you are what your parents are" is not entirely true.

  • While genetic inheritance (potential) is vital, environmental factors are critical for achieving one's potential.

  • If the environment is not supportive or kind, individuals may not fully develop their abilities.

Brain Plasticity

  • Human brains exhibit plasticity, meaning they can adapt and change throughout life.

  • Example of Brain Plasticity:

    • A former child diagnosed with cerebral palsy later tested as gifted at age five or six due to a supportive environment.

    • Contrarily, a highly intelligent child who was expected to excel encountered environmental challenges and did not develop as expected.

Social Issues and Technology's Role

Modern Challenges for the Elderly

  • The rapid advancement of technology has led to some elderly individuals feeling left behind.

  • An example is the transition to digital communication and services, such as receiving social security benefits via mail, which can be difficult for the elderly.

Accessibility of Transportation

  • Introduction of specialized minibuses for individuals aged 65 and over with mobility issues.

  • One can call these services to arrange transportation the day prior.

Emergence of New Developmental Stages

Emerging Adulthood

  • A recent developmental stage termed emerging adulthood allows individuals to explore life and identity beyond traditional teenage years.

  • Young adults are given a grace period of seven additional years to engage in exploration and experience before fully entering adulthood.

Educational Opportunities for Seniors

  • Individuals aged 65 and over can audit university classes for free to promote cognitive engagement and provide alternatives to being inactive.

Impact of Life Events on Development

Loss and Its Effects

  • Significant life events, such as the loss of a parent, have enduring emotional and psychological effects on individuals.

Developmental Aging Patterns

Types of Aging

  • Three patterns of aging are identified:

    1. Normal Aging: The typical expected pattern of aging in most individuals.

    2. Pathological Aging: Characterized by above-average decline compared to peers.

    • Example: Progeria, a condition causing accelerated aging leading to death at an early age.

    1. Successful Aging: Involves positive physical, cognitive, emotional, and social well-being.

Influences of Lifestyle on Health

Connection Between Exercise and Health

  • There is a positive correlation between exercise and cognitive development. Regular physical activity is encouraged.

    • Importance of walking and adequate sleep for overall health.

Community Involvement and Awareness

Role of School Boards

  • Voter Influence: Voters elect school board representatives who shape educational policies and practices.

  • Historical shift from teacher-controlled boards to parent-influenced boards, affecting decisions ranging from lunch periods to campus security.

Importance of Awareness in Youth

  • Students are encouraged to stay informed about current events, as policy changes and societal issues will impact them.

Healthcare Access for Families

Florida KidCare Program

  • Florida KidCare is a state program that provides affordable health insurance options for families that are not low-income but cannot afford private insurance.

Impact of COVID-19 on Children

Changes in Activities for Kids

  • With schools closed during the pandemic, parks and recreation departments created outdoor activities to engage children confined indoors.

Influence of E-books on Education

Effects on Reading Comprehension

  • A long-term study from Sweden and Norway revealed that increased eBook usage negatively impacts reading comprehension in children.|

  • Traditional print books contribute positively to comprehension, particularly in early childhood education.

Interaction of Nature and Nurture

Nature vs. Nurture Debate

  • The development of individuals is shaped by both nature (biological, genetic inheritance) and nurture (environmental influences).

  • Effective development requires a combination of both elements.

Historical Context of Environmental Changes

Population Decentralization in the Soviet Union

  • Decentralization was executed by relocating people to foster growth outside of overcrowded cities.

  • Jobs and resources were provided to attract individuals.

  • After the collapse of the Soviet Union, many relocated back to urban centers when economic conditions deteriorated.

Consequences of Population Movement

Emotional Impact on Abandoned Pets and People
  • Young individuals left in remote areas had pets, like dogs, that became feral after being abandoned.

  • A shocking incident involved a 15-year-old girl raised by dogs in a deserted town, highlighting social neglect.

Personal Stories of Neglect

  • A significant case illustrated a girl's severe abuse and neglect by her parents, leading her to find solace among dogs in a barnyard kennel for six years.