Julius Caesar

Military leader

Elected consul → 59 BCE

Part of the first triumvirate

Strong leader

Self-appointed governor of Gaul (France)

• Successfully conquered Gaul

1/10/49 BCE→ Leads army across the Rubicon River

Defeated troops in Egypt, Spain, Asia, Rome, Greece

Appointed dictator→ 46 BCE

Gets appointed dictator perpetus→ 44BCE

Reforms

• Granted citizenship to people in provinces

• Expanded the senate

• Created more jobs

  • Construction

• Created colonies where people who did not own land now owned land

  • Gave land to the plebians

• Increased the pay for soldiers

• Gave to the poor

• “Throws” games

• Gives people grains

• Institutes Acta Diurna

  • Posts daily news on walls

Dresses regally

Did not listen to Pompey or the Senate

Killed 3/15/44 BCE

• Beaten and stabbed to death

• People feared his power

  • Thought he was a tyrant

• Killed by Brutus and Gaius Cassius

• How?

  • Stabbed

    • Not the first government member to have this happen

  • Started with the Punic wars

    • Wealth gaps

    • Farmers became soldiers

    • Farmers→ landless

    • Senators got more $$$

  • Patricians did not like the reforms made

  • Political violence

    • Ex. Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus