Nouns & Pronouns and Tenses

Nouns & Pronouns

  • Noun:

    • Definition: A noun is the name of any person, place, or thing.

    • Characteristics: It remains the same in every language.

    • Examples: Nabila, Ali, Candy, Table, Mountain, Lahore, Pakistan, etc.

  • Pronoun:

    • Definition: Pronouns are used instead of nouns to avoid repetition.

    • Examples:

      • I = Mai

      • You = Aap (Formal) / Tum (Informal)

      • We = Hum

      • He/ She / It / They = Ye (near) / Wo (distant or absent)

Present To be Tense Helping Verbs

  • Description: In this tense, we talk about identity or the presence of living and non-living things.

  • Helping Verbs:

    • Is = he

    • Am = Hun

    • Are = hen

Sentences (Present Tense)

  • The following sentences demonstrate the use of the present tense "to be" helping verbs:

    1. I am happy. (Mai khush hun.)

    2. She is sad. (Wo udaas/ghamzada he.)

    3. Hina is sick. (Hina bemar he.)

    4. They are liars. (Wo jhootay hen.)

    5. We are fine. (Hum theek hen.)

    6. Mango is delicious. (Aam mazaydar he.)

    7. Annie is in University. (Annie University may he.)

    8. Sara is with Hina. (Sara Hina k-sath he.)

    9. He is at home. (Wo ghar per he.)

    10. I am on the bike. (Mein bike pay hun.)

Prepositions (Present Tense Sentences)

  • The following prepositions are used to show position or relationship.

    • In = may

    • With = k-sath

    • At = per

    • On = pay

Past To Be Tense Helping Verbs

  • Helping Verbs:

    • Was (singular) = tha (man) / thi (woman)

    • Were (plural) = thay (man) / theen (woman), Mixed Gender = thay

Sentences (Past Tense)

  • The following sentences use "was" and "were" to indicate past states of being.

    1. I was happy. (m) (Mai khush tha.)

    2. She was sad. (Wo udaas/ghamzada thi.)

    3. Hina was sick. (Hina bemar thi.)

    4. They were liars. (m) (Wo jhootay thay.)

    5. We were fine. (f) (Hum theek theen.)

    6. The mango was delicious. (Aam mazaydar tha.)

    7. Annie was in University. (Annie University may thi.)

    8. Sara was with Hina. (Sara Hina k-sath thi.)

    9. He was at home. (Wo ghar per tha.)

    10. I was on the bike. (Mai bike pay tha.)

Prepositions (Past Tense Sentences)

  • The following prepositions are used to show position or relationship.

    • In = may

    • With = k-sath

    • At = per

    • On = pay