Ultra note 2

ABSORPTION Conversion of sound energy into heat energy

Conversion of energy from sound wave to heat without the medium

ULTRASOUND SCANNING The PX does not feel the heat because it easily spread out when doing ?

ATTENUATION Absorption dominant factor in?

ABSORPTION

ATTENUATION Have a correlation with each other(2)

RAYLS Unit of absorption

REFLECTION Very important

Foundation of the diagnostic ultrasound

Echo from the source, it comes back

SPECULAR

BACK-SCATTERING

RAYLEIGH-TYNDALL Types of Reflection (3)

SPECULAR Reflection coming from smooth surfaces

MIRROR

DIAPHRAGM give example of specular

BACK SCATTERING Reflection coming from rough surface

RAYLEIGH-TYNDALL Reflection coming from microscopic structure

Exemplified within the body as reflection

RBC Give exam of RAYLEIGH-TYNDALL

REFRACTION Both an advantage and disadvantage

ADVANTAGE Produce your grayscale picture;different shades of black and white

(DISADVANTAGED OR ADVANTAGE)

DISADVANTAGE An artifact because of the bending of the beam

(ADVANTAGE OR DISADVANTAGE)

ABSORPTION

REFLECTION

REFRACTION Ways of interaction(3)

ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE Physical property of tissue

Determine what percentage of the incident wave will be transmitted and what percentage will be reflected

Density × velocity

RAYLS What Is the unit of Acoustic Impedance

IMPEDANCE MATCHING Process that decreases reflection

COUPLING AGENT Impedance matching applied in substances called?

COUPLING AGENTS Materials that decreases reflection

AQUEOUS GEL

MINERAL OIL Example of coupling agents (2)

CRITICAL ANGEL Incident angle in which the total interval reflection occurs

HERTZ

DECIBEL Give the unit:

Sound Frequency

Sound Intensity

MISMATCH acoustic impedance of two media

BANDWIDTH Useful range of frequency over which anything can operate

BEAMWIDTH Determine by the diameter of the probe or transducer

FRESNELFRESNEL

TRANSITION POINT

FRAUNHOFER BASIC BEAM CHARACTERISTICS (3)

FRESNEL Beam nearest to the source

NEAR FIELD AND MOST PROXIMAL BEAM Fresnel also known as?

TRANSITION POINT/NATURAL FOCUS Between Fresnel and Fraunhofer beam

SYNCHRONOIS Transition point where the waves become?

FRAUNHOFER Beam farther from the source

Describe as divergent beam

FAR FIELD OR DISTAL BEAM Fraunhofer also known as?

A-MODE(AMPLITUDE)

B-MODE(BINARY AND BRIGHTNESS)

C-MODE(CONSTANT)

M-MODE(MOTION)

REAL -TIME Ultrasound MODES(5)

A-MODE(AMPLITUDE) Displayed as spikes

Has graphic representation in the monitor

No longer used in present time ultrasound with an exemption for opthalmic ultra

B-MODE(BINARY OR BRIGHTNESS) produced gray scale

Incorporated in new mode ultrasound machines/real-time.

DEPTH

WIDTH

BRIGHTNESS DIMENSIONS OF B- MODE(3)

C-MODE(CONSTANT) Used in Doppler

Where you apply the world Gating

GATING An action, process, or mechanism by which the passage of something in controlled, turning of the receiver electronics

M-MODE(MOTION) represented by a single acoustic line

Applicable for heart studies

Used for echocardiography

For measuring heartbeat

Fatal heart beat

REAL-TIME Presently used all the ultrasound machines

Demonstrates the accurate structural movement of what is scanned

Coherent and highly collimated Fresnel characterized as? (2)

DIVERGENT BEAM Fraunhofer described as?

SNEL'S LAW Predicts amount of beam bending

Transmitted

Recorded

Process

Display Real time is being_______(4) in the monitor

Accurate structure Real time demonstrate the?

DOPPLER Use the principle of shift

REDRED

BLUE

ORANGE

YELLOW

SUPERIMPOSED ON GRAYSCALE Doppler uses color (5)

DOPPLER IMAGING Imaging vthat uses the principle of shift

COLOR DOPPLER Useful for blood flow

RED Blood flow is toward the transducer

BLUE blood flow of directed away from the transducer

RESOLUTION Refers to the clarity of your image